Graduated at the University of Toronto, then proceeded to the University of Pennsylvania, where he held a Fellowship in Anatomy. He completed his surgical studies for the FRCS at the London Hospital. On the outbreak of the War (1914-1918) he was at first Medical Officer on a troopship between India and Europe, then attached to a large hospital in Wales, when he carried out over 2000 major operations. He returned to Toronto in the latter part of 1917, and continued surgical practice among returned members of the Canadian contingent, and at the Western Hospital, Toronto. His friend and biographer, Dr John Ferguson, described him as of a most intensive nature and everything he did was done with all his might, whether a surgical operation, a game of cards, or a round of golf. He died on August 21st, 1921. His last words were: "I am not going to make the grade; it is hard luck" - possibly referring to hospital promotion.