Born 12 September 1878 at St Charles Square, London, W, the second son of Thomas Kelly, colonel in the Egyptian Army, and Catherine Fitzmaurice, his wife. His elder brother, James Fitzmaurice-Kelly (1857-1923), was Professor of Spanish Language and Literature at the University of London, 1916-20 (see *DNB*). Maurice was educated at St Charles' Roman Catholic College and entered St Mary's Hospital in 1897, after winning the senior entrance scholarship in natural science. In 1903 he was house physician, and became in succession house surgeon, casualty officer, and surgical registrar in the Hospital, and demonstrator of anatomy 1906-08 in the medical school. He joined the RAMC during the first week of the war in August 1914 and was ordered to Antwerp, but the city having fallen before his arrival he was landed at Boulogne and attached to the 13th General Hospital, in the equipment of which he took a great share. Afterwards he was surgical specialist at Calais, where the severe winter of 1916-17 injured his health. He continued to work until the summer of 1918, when he was invalided home and was appointed officer in charge of the surgical wards at the Royal Pavilion Hospital, Brighton. He had by this time developed a reputation as an orthopaedic surgeon, and was also attached to the Shepherd's Bush Special Surgical Hospital and to Queen Mary's Auxiliary Hospital at Roehampton. Demobilized at the armistice he settled in Brighton, was elected surgeon to the Royal Alexandra Hospital for Children, to the Hove General Hospital and, as assistant surgeon, to the Royal Sussex County Hospital. He married on 10 June 1914 Elsie Marguerite Garrett, who survived him with four daughters. He died at 35 Brunswick Square, Hove, on 5 January 1931. Fitzmaurice-Kelly was amongst the earliest to point out that the methods of amputation used in civil practice were unsuitable for use in cases of gunshot wounds of the limbs in wartime. He advocated therefore a return to the older practice of immediate circular amputation at the seat of injury, without exposing any fresh surface and without the use of sutures; a secondary flap amputation being performed later, if it proved to be necessary. He also recommended a method of amputating at the hip joint by means of a posterior flap, the head of the femur being left in the acetabulum. The patient was afterwards provided with a "tilting table". He was a slow operator, but was extremely careful in planning his operations and in carrying out the details of after-treatment. He was a clear thinker and a good speaker. Publications:- Amputation at the hip joint by a posterior flap. *Proc Roy Soc Med*. 1920-21, 14, Surgery, p 169. The operation is described in greater detail in H W Carson's *Modern operative surgery*. London, 1924, 1, 141. Some common deformities of the foot and their treatment. *Proc Brighton and Sussex med-chir Soc*. 1920-21, p 27. Diagnosis in urinary surgery. *Ibid*. 1922 23, p 75. Cure of hernia. *Ibid*. 1926-27, pp 1-10.