Born on 1 October 1858, the fourth son of the fourteen children of William Joseph Square, FRCS, and his wife Charlotte Anne Hancock. He was educated at Honiton, Marlborough College, and St Bartholomew's Hospital, where he served as house surgeon. He qualified MRCS in 1881, before the establishment of the Conjoint Board, but took the LRCP two years later. He took the Fellowship at the end of 1883. His elder brother, William, was already a Fellow. After serving as clinical assistant at the Royal London Ophthalmic Hospital, Moorfields, he settled in practice as an ophthalmologist at Plymouth. He was for thirty-seven years surgeon to the Royal Eye Infirmary, as his father and brother had been, and was elected consulting surgeon when he retired. He was also for many years treasurer of the Plymouth Medical Society. During the war of 1914-18 Square was administrator of the 4th Southern General Hospital, with the rank of lieutenant-colonel, RAMC (T), gazetted 29 September 1908. He practised at his father's old house, 22 Portland Square, but lived latterly at 10 Bedford Terrace, Plymouth, where he died on 23 September 1948, a week before his ninetieth birthday, being then the senior Fellow, G Andrew and W R Williams having died shortly before. Square married in 1893 Mary Louisa daughter of General John Mullins, RE, and was survived by his son and three daughters. As a young man he was a keen Rugby footballer, and played for his School and Hospital teams, also for Middlesex and Devon County Clubs. Publications: A case of strangulated internal hernia into the foramen of Winslow. *Brit med J* 1886, 1, 1163. Inflation of the Eustachian tubes. *Brit med J* 1888, 1, 295.