Howard Reed was an ophthalmologist in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. He was born in London on 28 April 1914, the son of Morris William Reed, a chartered secretary, and Emmeline Louise Reed. He attended West Ham Secondary School and first qualified as an optometrist. He then decided to become a doctor a

Ian Alexander Mackie was an associate specialist in the external eye diseases clinic at Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, and at St George's Hospital. He studied medicine at Aberdeen, qualifying in 1954, and held house posts in the city, at Woodend General Hospital and the Royal Infirmary. He gained

Born at Dalston, London, on 13 September 1860, the fourth son and sixth surviving child of George Hewkley, a member of the Stock Exchange, and Mary Dore his wife. He was educated at the City of London School and took his medical training at the London Hospital, Durham University, and Brussels. Hewkl

Bryan Paul Cooper was born in Leicester on 26 December 1931. His family emigrated to Australia four years later and settled in Croydon, New South Wales, where his father worked as a carpenter and joiner. Cooper was educated at the Christian Brothers, Lewisham, Sydney, from which he won an exhibition

Hussein Ahmed Hussein was born in Berber, Sudan, on 14 November 1904, the son of Ahmed Hussein, an army officer. His early education was at Gordon College and he then entered the Kitchener School of Medicine qualifying in 1931, having obtained a surgical prize. After early appointments he came to En

George Denis Elphick was senior resident and chief clinical assistant at Moorfields Eye Hospital, house surgeon to the eye department at St George's Hospital and consultant ophthalmologist to the Leicester Royal Infirmary. His last post was as consultant ophthalmologist to the Ministry of Pensions.

Anthony Gordon Palin was born in Wallington, Surrey, on 29 July 1907, the son of Frederick Palin, a barrister. He was educated at St Lawrence College, Ramsgate, Oxford University and St Thomas's Hospital, qualifying in 1933. After completing post-graduate training he was appointed consultant ophthal

Charles Malcolm Phillips, the only son of Sir Charles Phillips, CBE, a company director, and of Sylvia Maud Phillips (née Schunke), was born at Nairobi, Kenya, on 5 July 1918. He was educated at St. Clare Preparatory School in Walmer, Kent, and at Sherborne School where he secured an Open Science Pr

Tom Casey was born on 8 October 1929 in Limerick, the son of Michael Casey, a farmer. He was educated at University College, Dublin, and after specialising in ophthalmology became registrar first at the Westminster Hospital and later at Moorfields. He possessed a happy combination of inspiration, su

Iqbal Singh Chatha, who originally practised as Iqbal Singh, received his medical education at the Glancy Medical School, Amritsar, whence he qualified MB BS Punjab in 1956. Coming to Britain he obtained the DO in 1966 and became a Fellow of the College in 1967. He practised as an ophthalmologist

George William Black was born in Boston, Lincolnshire on 21 January 1903 and was educated at Boston Grammar School and at the Middlesex Hospital, qualifying in 1926. During his early years in London he became very conscious of the divisions in English life, joining the Fabian Society and becoming a

Lewis Herbert Savin was born in London on 26 March 1901. His parents were missionaries who had fled from China at the time of the Boxer rebellion a few months before his birth. Shortly after, his father and mother returned to the hospital that his father had founded at Chao Tung in Yunnan. He used t