The youngest son of the Rev Joseph Helm, Vicar of Worthing; educated at Marlborough College, then at St Catherine's College, Cambridge, where he took his BA degree as a Fellow Commoner in 1864. At the same time he became a pupil of Sir George Humphry, Surgeon to Addenbrooke's Hospital, for three yea

Born at Hambledon, Hampshire, and was educated at Brighton College and Guy's Hospital, where he was House Surgeon. In 1871 he was appointed Ophthalmic Surgeon to the Central London Ophthalmic Hospital; in 1878 Assistant Ophthalmic Surgeon to Guy's Hospital, becoming in 1883 Ophthalmic Surgeon and Le

Michael John Absolon was an ophthalmic surgeon in Southampton and Winchester. He was born in Cheltenham in 1933 and studied natural sciences at St John's College, Cambridge, and then went on to complete his clinical studies at the London Hospital Medical School. While at Cambridge he represented the

Michael Britten was a consultant ophthalmic surgeon in Stockport and North Derbyshire. He attended Repton School and graduated in medicine from Liverpool University in 1954. He passed the fellowship in 1961 and published papers on "Glaucoma and inactive syphilitic interstitial keratitis" (jointly, *

Born on 16 February 1869 at Eccles, near Manchester, the first child of Thomas Clegg, agent, and Elizabeth Gray, his wife. He was educated at Manchester Grammar School and at the Victoria University where he graduated MB with honours in 1893, having taken the Conjoint qualification in 1891. Transfer

Walter Bain was a consultant ophthalmic surgeon at King Edward VII Hospital, Windsor. He was born in Ayr and educated at Loretto, Jesus College, Cambridge and Guy's Hospital. He qualified in medicine in 1942 and, joining the navy as a surgeon lieutenant, saw action in the Mediterranean and Far East.

Barrie Samuel Jay was professor of clinical ophthalmology at the Institute of Ophthalmology, University of London. He was born in London on 7 May 1929, the son of Maurice Bernard Jay, a medical practitioner, and Julia Sterling Jay, a housewife. He attended Perse School and then Gonville and Caius Co

Gordon Stephen Willetts was a consultant ophthalmic surgeon at York District Hospital. He studied medicine in Birmingham, qualifying in 1956. He decided to become an ophthalmic surgeon, gained his diploma in ophthalmology in 1958 and became a fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons in 1966. He died

The son of W B France, DL, of Cadogan Place. He entered Guy's Hospital as a medical student in 1835, and at once distinguished himself. In 1838 he received the Prize in Surgery of the Physical Society, and in 1839 the Silver Medal for Ophthalmic Surgery. After taking the membership he was appointed

Born at Culgower in Sutherlandshire in 1850, the youngest, and eventually the last survivor, of a family of four, consisting of two sons and two daughters. The Gunns are an old Scandinavian stock and have been settled for many generations in the north and north-east of Scotland. Marcus Gunn was educ

Studied at the Middlesex Hospital, where he was Broderip Scholar, Governor's Prizeman, and gained distinction in nearly all subjects. He was then successively House Surgeon, House Physician, and Resident Obstetric Officer. After that he acted as Clinical Assistant at the Royal London Ophthalmic Hosp

The only son of George M Frean. He received his medical training at the University of Cambridge and at the London Hospital; was Surgical Clinical Assistant at the Evelina Hospital, and settled in Oxford (29 Beaumont Street). He was at one time Senior Clinical Assistant to the Oxford Eye Hospital, an