Edward Harold Walter Gifford was the son of Algernon Charles Gifford, a school- teacher and astronomer, and of Susie Gifford (née Jones). He was born at Wellington, New Zealand, on 26 May 1909 and educated at Roseneath Primary School and Wellington College where he was deputy head prefect, played in

Arthur Littlewood Newson was born at Wishpool, Victoria, Australia, on 22 August 1906. He was educated at Caulfield Grammar School and Melbourne University, qualifying MB BS in 1932 and was resident medical officer at the Alfred Hospital. He came to England and worked with Rodney Maingot, obtaining

Alan William Douglas was born on 23 October 1910 in Napier, New Zealand. He was educated at Napier Boys High School and Otago University, where he graduated MB ChB in 1933. Resident posts in Auckland preceded his arrival in England in 1934 when he became surgical registrar at Queen Mary's Hospital f

Karmarkar was born in Kolhapur, India, on 19 March 1909, the son of Hari Dattatraya Karmarkar, a general practitioner, and Savitri Hari Karmarkar, a housewife. He was educated at the King George High School, Mudhol, and Deccan College of Arts, Poona, from which he went to study medicine at the Seth

Edward Philomen Connolly, of whom little is known, was in practice in Manley, New South Wales, when he died on 21 August 1967. He was a member of the Australian Medical Association.

George H Kitchen graduated from the University of Toronto in 1932. He joined the surgical staff of St Joseph's Hospital and was former chief of staff and surgery at the Queensway Hospital. He died on 13 May 1982 aged 73, survived by his wife, Mary, daughter Heather and sons George, David, Paul and J

John Charles Hislop, son of a well-known Wellington surgeon, was born in Wellington, educated at Christ's College and Edinburgh University. He graduated MB ChB in 1932 and proceeded to take his FRCS in 1938. He had an unusually wide training as a house surgeon, registrar and resident surgeon and thi

Anthony (Tony) Kelly was born in Melbourne on 8 November 1909, the son of Piers Lefanu Kelly, a mining engineer, and Anna Dorothy, née Keelan. He was educated at Bacchus Marsh High School in Victoria, St Patrick's College, Ballarat, Victoria, and the University of Melbourne Medical School, where he

Makarand Talwalkar was one of a distinguished family of medical practitioners in India; the first of the name to practise medicine could count twenty nine descendants who were medically qualified, of whom eighteen attended Grant Medical College, Bombay, from 1869 onwards. Makarand Talwalkar was b

Sydney George Nardell was born in London on 11 April 1913, where his father, Hyman Nardell, was a tailor, and his mother, Millie Rabinowitz, a housewife. He was educated at King's College and St George's Hospital, where he qualified in 1932. After junior posts he won the Hallett prize in the primary

Horgan was educated in the School of Physic, Trinity College, Dublin, qualifying in 1933. He then came to England and was, successively, a house surgeon at Bristol Royal Infirmary, and resident surgical officer at Bolton Royal Infirmary and at Brighton Municipal Hospital. He took the English Fell

Louis Julius Horn was born on 31 August 1899 and was educated at the University of Sydney, Australia, where he graduated in 1923. He then spent some years in a country practice, but being possessed of considerable intellectual gifts and wishing to extend his experience he came to England in 1930, an