Elmer Samuel James was born in Craigmont, Ontario in 1910. He went to school in Biggar, Saskatchewan, and then to Winnipeg for the medical course, graduating MD in the University of Manitoba in 1935. He subsequently came to Great Britain for postgraduate training, passed the Conjoint Board examinati

Walter Mercer was born on 19 March 1890 at Stow, Midlothian, where his family owned the local tweed mills. He went to school at George Watson's College, Edinburgh, and in 1907 began the study of medicine in the University of Edinburgh, with which he was to be associated for almost the whole of the r

Richard Hood Metcalfe was born at York on 16 September 1899, his father and mother both being doctors. He first went to school at St Olave's and later to St Peter's School, York, and in 1918 passed into Woolwich where he studied for a year, but in 1919 returned to York to complete his preparation fo

Thomas Geoffrey Barlow was born in Eccles on 25 September 1915 and was educated at Manchester Grammar School and Victoria University, Manchester. In 1936 he took a science degree in anatomy and maintained an interest in comparative anatomy throughout his career. He graduated in medicine in 1939 and

Edward Townley Bailey passed the Conjoint Diploma in 1921 and qualified MB BS the following year. He was surgical registrar and resident medical officer to the orthopaedic department of the Middlesex Hospital and orthopaedic surgical specialist to the London County Council. He became honorary consul

John Nevile Aston was born in Cheltenham on 4 March 1919 and educated at Monkton Coombe School where he was distinguished academically and as an oarsman. In 1937 he entered St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical College where he qualified in 1942 and became house surgeon there for six months. He was then

Michael George Allen was born in Cairo on 9 October 1915, the son of Arthur Baylis Allen. After early education at Merchant Taylors' School he entered St Thomas's Hospital Medical School, qualifying in 1940. His early house appointments were at St Thomas's Hospital. During the second world war he jo

Trevor Llewellyn Bowen was born at Newport, Monmouthshire, on 12 March 1932 and attended schools in Wales before entering King's College, London, and King's College Hospital Medical School. After graduating in 1955 he undertook general resident appointments before working in the orthopaedic departme

Harold Albert Oatley received his medical education at University College Hospital, qualifying MB BS in 1936. After junior posts at University College Hospital and in the Anatomy Department at Cambridge, he worked successively at the Royal Masonic Hospital, the Miller General Hospital, Greenwich and

William Winslow Woodward was born in Emmaville, New South Wales, on 14 October 1920, the son of Edward Albert Woodward, a general practitioner. His father was an outstanding classical scholar who wrote poems in Latin and conversed in that language at regular meetings with fellow enthusiasts. After e

Christopher Cheyne was a consultant orthopaedic surgeon at Good Hope Hospital, Sutton Coldfield. He studied medicine at Liverpool, qualifying in 1957. He gained the fellowship of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh in 1966 and of the Royal College of Surgeons of England (ad eundem) in 1979.

Lipmann Kessel was born in South Africa on 19 December 1914. He studied first at Witwatersrand University and then at St Mary's Hospital Medical School, graduating in 1937. Following resident posts in London he joined the RAMC. He volunteered for parachute duties and became surgeon in command of No