Born in 1885, he was educated at Epsom College, Exeter College, Oxford and the London Hospital, where he qualified in 1911 and was appointed house surgeon to Percy Furnivall and Frank Kidd, which probably stimulated his special interest in urology. After this he became house physician, resident accoucheur and surgical registrar. On the outbreak of war in 1914 he joined the RAMC and served throughout until 1919, finishing as a Major and surgical specialist. When he returned to London after the war, he became assistant to a surgical unit, and in 1921 was elected to the honorary staff as assistant surgeon to Russell Howard. The partnership lasted until 1939 when Neligan became full surgeon; during this period the firm of Russell Howard and Neligan was a household word at the London. During the whole of the war of 1939-45 he lived in the London Hospital, initially as medical superintendent and surgeon in charge, and during this period laid the foundations for a fully fledged department of urology in the hospital, although he left it to his successors to make a final decision. He was President of the Section of Urology of the Royal Society of Medicine in 1941-42, and was recognised as one of the leaders of the move towards specialised urology in London. An unselfish, generous man with a merry wit and a good raconteur, he wielded enormous influence for good in his own hospital. An eminent Freemason, he was a Senior Grand Deacon, and in his leisure he enjoyed golf and the turf. He married Dorothy Honar who survived him without issue, and when he retired they lived in Walmer. He died in the Royal Victoria Hospital, Folkestone on 24 February 1956. Publication: War Injuries of the Genito-Urinary Tract. *Brit med J* 1939, 2, 291.