Born at Rotenburg-on-Fulda, in Hesse, on February 10th, 1832, the son of the medical attendant of the Landgrave. He graduated MD at the University of Marburg in 1855, in particular being a pupil of W Roser. After serving as assistant in the Surgical Clinic he studied in Berlin - surgery under Langen

Theodor Kocher, a native of Berne, is remarkable in having remained in his native place throughout his life. Born in 1841, he graduated at the University of Berne in 1865 and studied further in Vienna and in Berlin, and he also visited London and Paris. Following G A Luecke he was appointed Professo

Born at Bergen, Norway, on July 31st, 1831. Studied medicine in Christiania and graduated in 1856. Soon afterwards he was appointed Medical Inspector of the Herring Fishery. He was a Compagnie-Chirurg from 1857-1867, being resident in Stockholm up to 1860. From 1863-1866 he was 'Reservearzt' on the

The son of Rubio, continuing the name of the well-known eighteenth-century physician and medical author, and of his wife, *née* Galli, was born on August 7th, 1827, at Puerto de Santa Maria, Cadiz. He studied in the Faculty of Medicine, and graduated at Cadiz in 1850, having been from 1846-1849 enga

Born at New York; studied at the Free Academy or College of the City of New York, and in 1859 received the MD of the New York College of Physicians and Surgeons. During the North and South War he served as Assistant Surgeon to the Federal Army and was from 1862 in charge of the General Hospital at F

Born at Bergerac, Dordogne, on October 3rd, 1846, the son of a pastor of Italian origin who had twelve children. He was educated at the *lycées* of Pau and Bordeaux, and in 1869 studied in Paris, becoming a favourite pupil of Broca. He graduated MD in 1873, and obtained the position of Agrégé in 187

Born at Aulnay-sur-Odon, Calvados, in December, 1834. He began his medical studies at Caen, where he was Prosector of Anatomy and Interne at the Hôtel Dieu. He completed his studies in Paris, where in 1857 he gained in competition the post of Interne des Hôpitaux, becoming Prosector in four years' t

Born at Harbour Grace, Newfoundland, on July 31st, 1846, the son of the Principal of the Government Grammar School; he entered McGill University in 1864, and was the first student of his year and Holmes Gold Medallist. For six years he acted as Resident Surgeon at the Montreal General Hospital. In 1

Born on May 4th, 1842, in Boston, Mass, the son of Jonathan Mason Warren and his wife, Annie Crowninshield. The Warren family is of old New England stock. In the life of his eponymous grandfather, Dr J Collins Warren, he states: "John Collins Warren was born in Boston on August 1st, 1778. His gra