Karmarkar was born in Kolhapur, India, on 19 March 1909, the son of Hari Dattatraya Karmarkar, a general practitioner, and Savitri Hari Karmarkar, a housewife. He was educated at the King George High School, Mudhol, and Deccan College of Arts, Poona, from which he went to study medicine at the Seth

Hall, who was often known by the nickname 'Jock', received his medical education at Leeds, qualifying MB ChB in 1931, and gaining the ChM there in 1949, having passed the FRCS examination in 1938. During the second world war he was adviser in surgery to the East African Command. He was resident surg

Anthony (Tony) Kelly was born in Melbourne on 8 November 1909, the son of Piers Lefanu Kelly, a mining engineer, and Anna Dorothy, née Keelan. He was educated at Bacchus Marsh High School in Victoria, St Patrick's College, Ballarat, Victoria, and the University of Melbourne Medical School, where he

Leon Chanock qualified MB ChB 1925, and in the same year his name appeared on the register of South African medical practitioners. By working through issues of the South African Medical Register, it seems that from 1977 until his death he practised at Bantry Bay, Cape Town. His death appeared in the

Sydney George Nardell was born in London on 11 April 1913, where his father, Hyman Nardell, was a tailor, and his mother, Millie Rabinowitz, a housewife. He was educated at King's College and St George's Hospital, where he qualified in 1932. After junior posts he won the Hallett prize in the primary

Nathan (Sonny) Garber, the son of Joel Garber, a hotel manager, and of Sara (née Efroiken), was born on 2 June 1902 in Lithuania. He was the oldest of seven children, with four brothers and two sisters, the family having migrated to South Africa in 1904. His early education was at Normal College Sch

Harold Park was horn on 26 July 1909 at Preston, Lancashire, and studied medicine in Edinburgh, qualifying in 1932. His early appointments included the posts of casualty officer at St Mary's Hospital, Paddington, and resident medical officer at St Paul's Hospital for Genito-Urinary Diseases. In 1938

Stanley Raw was born on 23 February 1910 in Spratton, Northamptonshire, where his father, George Raw, was vicar, and his mother was Ada, née Morton. One of his uncles was consultant surgeon to the Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle-upon-Tyne. Another uncle was a physician in Rodney Street, Liverpoo

Edward Harold Walter Gifford was the son of Algernon Charles Gifford, a school- teacher and astronomer, and of Susie Gifford (née Jones). He was born at Wellington, New Zealand, on 26 May 1909 and educated at Roseneath Primary School and Wellington College where he was deputy head prefect, played in

Makarand Talwalkar was one of a distinguished family of medical practitioners in India; the first of the name to practise medicine could count twenty nine descendants who were medically qualified, of whom eighteen attended Grant Medical College, Bombay, from 1869 onwards. Makarand Talwalkar was b

Robert 'Bobbie' Cox, formerly senior surgeon to the Westminster Hospital, was born in Batu Gajah, Perak, Malaya, on 24 October 1912, the son of Irish parents who came from Cork. His father, Robert, was a doctor, and his mother, Mary Ann neé Cummings, a nurse. At the age of eight, the family relocate

Jack Heselson was born on 4 January 1910 in Cape Town, and after his schooling at Wynberg Boys' High School attended the Univesity of Cape Town, where he graduated BA in 1929 and MB ChB in 1933, obtaining distinctions in the final examination and the degree with honours. After his internship at Some