Philip Geoffrey Doyne was born in 1886 of a distinguished southern Irish family. He was the elder son of Robert Doyne FRCS, a prominent ophthalmic surgeon who founded the Oxford Eye Hospital and played a leading part in the establishment of the Oxford Ophthalmological Congress, and a first cousin of

Norman Lake was born in Plymouth in July 1888. He had a brilliant undergraduate career in the University of London, taking a BSc degree with honours in anatomy and morphology, and also honours in anatomy and physiology in the second MB, and passing the final MB BS in 1910. Next year he won the gold

John Whigham was born in Brook Street, London, and educated at Westminster City School, where he won the gold medal as the best pupil of his year and a scholarship to St Mary's Hospital. He qualified in 1913 at the age of 21. He joined the East Lancashire Regiment at the outbreak of the first wor

Born in London on 8 March 1889 the only child of John Prime Tanner and his wife Margaret Baxter James, he was educated at Roan School, Birkbeck College, the Royal (now Imperial) College of Science, and at Guy's Hospital. He originally intended to be a dentist, but after distinguishing himself in the

Gerald Thomas Mullally was born on 31 October 1887 in Ballarat, Victoria, Australia, whither his father, William Mullally, MD, who had been in family practice in Tipperary, had emigrated, and where he died of acute appendicitis with peritonitis when young, Gerald being 7 years old at that time. H

St John Dudley Buxton was born on 26 December 1891 in London, the son of Dr Dudley Wilmot Buxton MD, MRCP, who was anaesthetist to University College Hospital, the National Hospital, Queen's Square, and the Royal Dental Hospital. His mother was Louisa Frances Agnes Clarke, daughter of the Rev T G Cl

Geoffrey Langdon Keynes was born at Harvey Rd, Cambridge, on 25 March 1887, the third child and second son of Dr John Neville Keynes, ScD, the registrar of Cambridge University, and of Florence Ada Keynes, a daughter of Dr John Brown, pastor of the Bunyan (Congregational) Meeting in Bedford. Geoffre