Geoffrey Langdon Keynes was born at Harvey Rd, Cambridge, on 25 March 1887, the third child and second son of Dr John Neville Keynes, ScD, the registrar of Cambridge University, and of Florence Ada Keynes, a daughter of Dr John Brown, pastor of the Bunyan (Congregational) Meeting in Bedford. Geoffre

Vernon Pennell was born in Lincoln on 30 September 1889, the eldest son of Charles Waldegrave Pennell, a seed merchant, and Jessie Folkes. After education at Harrow School, with an exhibition to Pembroke College, Cambridge, in 1908 and a scholarship in the following year, he secured a first class in

Leslie Norman Reece was born in Christchurch, New Zealand, on 1 February, 1880. He was the fourth son of William Reece, a pioneer and importer. He attended Nelson College in New Zealand and then came to England to study medicine at St Thomas's. There he became house surgeon and resident assistant su

Gerald Thomas Mullally was born on 31 October 1887 in Ballarat, Victoria, Australia, whither his father, William Mullally, MD, who had been in family practice in Tipperary, had emigrated, and where he died of acute appendicitis with peritonitis when young, Gerald being 7 years old at that time. H

Manishankar Khushaldos Joshi was a Lieutenant-Colonel in the Indian Medical Service. He studied medicine in Bombay and at the London Hospital. He obtained the Conjoint Diploma in 1913 and the Fellowship of the Royal College of Surgeons in 1929. It is not known when he died.

Kenneth Holl Macmillan was born on February 3 1891 in Lee, S.E. London, the eldest son of John W McMillan, a banker, and his wife, Florence. His younger brother became a chest physician. Always an individualist he, alone of his family, decided to change the spelling of his name from that on his dipl