David Markham was an orthopaedic surgeon at Manchester Royal Infirmary. He was born in Dewsbury, West Yorkshire on 2 May 1936, the son of Eric, an accountant, and Betsy, a housewife. At the outbreak of the Second World War in 1939, David's father was turned down for active service because of a long-

James Patrick Sidney England, known as Patrick, was an orthopaedic and trauma surgeon at the North Middlesex and Hammersmith hospitals in London. He was born on 5 May 1930 in London to Herbert Reginald England and Violet May England née King, the eldest of four children. His father was a consultant