Charles Harold Crawshaw was born at Ashton-under-Lyne on 25 May, 1887. His father was a medical practitioner. He was educated at Oundle and Christ's College, Cambridge, and did his clinical training at Manchester and St Bartholomew's Hospital. He graduated BA Cambridge 1909; MRCS LRCP 1912; MB ChB M

Geoffrey Langdon Keynes was born at Harvey Rd, Cambridge, on 25 March 1887, the third child and second son of Dr John Neville Keynes, ScD, the registrar of Cambridge University, and of Florence Ada Keynes, a daughter of Dr John Brown, pastor of the Bunyan (Congregational) Meeting in Bedford. Geoffre