Harold Bolton was an orthopaedic and hand surgeon in Manchester and Stockport. He was born in Blackpool on 15 August 1918. His father, Alexander Black Bolton, was the managing director of a confectionary company; his mother, Nina Bolton née Houldsworth, was also a director of the company. He attende

Kenneth Mackenzie MacLeod graduated BA Columbia University, New York, in 1926, and then studied at Cornell where he obtained the MD degree in 1929. He continued post-graduate study in Edinburgh, and at the Middlesex Hospital and passed the Conjoint Diploma examination in 1930. He was senior house-su

Harman Gilbert Smith was a senior orthopaedic surgeon at Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. He was born in Whangarei, New Zealand, on 10 October 1915 and studied medicine in Dunedin, qualifying in 1940. His first posts were as house surgeon and registrar at Auckland and Greenlane hospitals.

Michael Francis Pilcher was a consultant orthopaedic surgeon at the London Hospital. He was born on 4 October 1916 in Ealing, west London, the youngest of the seven children of Thorold Sturtevant Pilcher, a manufacturer, and Helena Pilcher née Neilson. His older brother, Robin Sturtevant Pilcher, be

Peter Alexander Ring was a consultant orthopaedic surgeon of international repute who worked at Redhill General Hospital. He was born in Finchley, Middlesex, on 30 December 1922. His father, John Richard Ring, was a shop manager. His mother was Caroline née Matthews. Peter went to school at Christ's

Cyril Jacob Kaplan was a consultant orthopaedic surgeon and associate professor of orthopaedics at the Albert Einstein Medical College, New York. He was born in Durban, South Africa, on 29 May 1917, the eldest son of Saul Joseph Kaplan, a merchant, and Zelda Kaplan née Friedman. He attended Durban P

Patrick Gowans Laing was an orthopaedic surgeon in Pittsburgh, United States, and a pioneering researcher into the use of safe metals for surgical implants. He was born in Putney, London, on 8 November 1923, the son of Harold James Gowans Laing, a major in the Royal Electrical and Mechanical Enginee

Michael Salz was an orthopaedic surgeon in Plymouth. He was born in Breslau, Germany, the only child of an eminent lawyer. He was sent to St John’s College, Cambridge, in 1935, and the family moved to England in 1938. From Cambridge Michael went to the Middlesex Hospital for his clinical studies, an

Dennis Henry George Walker was born in Thames Ditton, Surrey, on 17 January 1917, the eldest son of Thomas Presland Walker, a bank official and Edith Mildred Walker, née Passey. He attended Clare House School, Beckenham, Kent, and Eltham College, Mottingham. He studied medicine at King's College and

Martin Brett was a consultant orthopaedic surgeon in Salisbury, based at Odstock Hospital and Salisbury General Infirmary. He was born on 1 January 1923 in Sheerness to Joseph and Margaret Brett. Joseph Brett was born in 1893 and educated at Faversham Grammar School and then Gonville and Caius Colle

Charles Clinton-Thomas ('CT') was born on the 15 January 1912 in Dehra Dun, India, the eldest son of Brigadier Robert Clinton-Thomas RE and Evelyn Baddeley. He was educated at Charterhouse and University College Hospital and qualified with the conjoint diploma in 1937. His early appointments were at

William Waugh was Professor of Orthopaedic and Accident Surgery at Nottingham University Medical School. He was born on 17 February 1922 in Dover, where his father, also William, was a general practitioner. He was educated at Eastbourne College and Pembroke College, Cambridge, going on to win an ent