John Gwyn Howell (Toby) James was born in Pontypridd on 5 May 1919 to Thomas Edwin James, a bank manager, and his wife Margaret, née Williams, a farmer's daughter. After early education in South Wales he studied medicine in Cardiff, and graduated MRCS, LRCP at the Welsh National School of Medicine i

Hugh Graham Stack was born in Bristol on 7 December 1915, the third son of Edward H E Stack FRCS (*Lives of the Fellows* 2, 340), ophthalmic surgeon to the Bristol Royal Infirmary, and his wife Caroline, née Kennedy. His early education was at Clifton College and whilst there he was awarded the H H