The son or nephew of Richard Ley, MRCS, of South Molton, he was born at North Molton, Devon. He was educated at the London Hospital, where he was house surgeon, and afterwards served as resident surgeon at the Poplar Hospital. Whilst still a student he acted as a prosector at the Royal College of Su

Born in London on 29 May 1872, fourth son of the Very Rev the Hon William Henry Fremantle, Dean of Ripon, and Isabella, his wife, daughter of Sir Culling Eardley, 3rd Baronet, the religious philanthropist (for whom see *DNB*). The Dean was the second son of Thomas Francis Fremantle, 1st Lord Cottesl