Born at Cardiff, South Wales on 7 August 1876, the son of John Jennings, timber merchant, and Mary Lawley, his wife. He was educated at Cardiff University and in Geneva, with the intention of entering his father's business. He quickly abandoned work in the office, entered St Bartholomew's Hospital a

Born on 3 March 1876 at Blandford, Dorset, the third child and eldest son of James Marshall, who was in business there, and Emily Cole his wife, he was educated at Dean Close School, Cheltenham, and St Bartholomew's Hospital, where he won a certificate of honour in anatomy in 1896. Marshall was at f