Born in Australia in 1887 he completed his education in England by going up to Caius College, Cambridge and, then, for his clinical training to St Bartholomew's Hospital where he qualified with the Conjoint Diploma in 1913 and held a house appointment as resident anaesthetist. On the outbreak of

John Arkle was born in Newcastle-upon-Tyne on 28 July 1890 and was educated at St George's Private School at Gosforth. Subsequently he went to Edinburgh with a view to becoming an actuary, but after 12 months left Edinburgh to study medicine at Durham University. Arkle was a brilliant student and

Philip Geoffrey Doyne was born in 1886 of a distinguished southern Irish family. He was the elder son of Robert Doyne FRCS, a prominent ophthalmic surgeon who founded the Oxford Eye Hospital and played a leading part in the establishment of the Oxford Ophthalmological Congress, and a first cousin of