Leonard George Phillips was born in London on 5 December 1890. He was educated at the William Ellis School, the University of London and the Middlesex Hospital for which he gained an entrance scholarship in 1910. He won the Lyall Gold Medal and scholarship for practical surgery in 1914. He was turne

James William Tudor Thomas was born in Ystradgynlais, Breconshire, on 23 May 1893, the only child of Thomas Thomas, headmaster of Ystradgynlais County School, and Mary, daughter of a colliery proprietor, he was educated at the county school, Cardiff Medical School and the Middlesex Hospital. He won