Umakkant Tribhuvan Purohit was an orthopaedic surgeon at the Elyria Memorial Hospital, Ohio, USA. He was born in Nairobi, Kenya on 10 August 1936, the fifth child and fourth son of Tribhuvan Purohit, a clerk, and Kamlagauri Purohit. He was educated at the Duke of Gloucester School in Nairobi, and th

Robert Arnold Fischl was chief of the plastic surgery section of Danbury Hospital, Danbury, Connecticut. He was born in Dresden, Germany on 18 June 1928. His father, Emil Fischl, was a paper manufacturer; his mother, Bettina Hahn, was the daughter of a banker. They left Germany in 1939 and settled i

Ralph Ger was a clinical anatomist and innovative surgeon, who spent most of his working life in New York at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine. He emigrated from South Africa during the period of apartheid, and obtained much of his surgical training in the United Kingdom after war service in t

Hal Morton was born on 18 August 1905 in Port Greville, Nova Scotia, Canada, the son of Charles S Morton, a physician in Halifax, and Marie née Stafford. He was educated at St Andrews College, Toronto, and then Dalhousie University, where he became a member of the Phi Rho Sigma Fraternity of Canada.