Arthur Pain was born on 13 July 1904 in Brixton, his father, Arthur Thruston was a clerk in holy orders and his mother's maiden name was Annie Tatchell. He was educated at Bedale Grammar School Yorks, and later attended the Central High School, Leeds. Pain then proceeded to Leeds University and qual

Wilfred Hynes was born in Leeds in January 1903, educated at Leeds Grammar School and graduated from Leeds University Medical School with first class honours in 1927, gaining the primary FRCS as a student. After a period as resident anaesthetist at Sheffield Royal Hospital he trained in surgery, and