Born on 29 August 1911 in Bury, Lancashire, John Charnley was the son of Arthur Walker Charnley, pharmacist, and Lily, née Hodgson, a nurse, he was educated at Bury Grammar School and Manchester University. He was persuaded to read medicine rather than dentistry, his first choice, by L R Strangeways

Born on 4 May 1898 at Hornsey, Middlesex, the third son of Alick Wellstead Capener, an engineer, and Ada Isabella Tree, Norman Capener was one of six brothers, all of whom were educated at the City of London School through musical scholarships in the choir of the Temple Church, London, where, under

Wiles was born on 17 August 1899 the only son, with two sisters, of Thomas Wiles, chairman of Joseph Wiles and Son Ltd, corn-merchants of Mark Lane in the City of London. Thomas Wiles was a successful business-man and an active Liberal politician. He became Chairman of the London Corn Exchange, the

He was born in London in 1912, and received his early education at Doon House Preparatory School, Westgate-on-Sea, Kent. He then went to Uppingham and was promoted to the scientific sixth form in his fourth year. In 1930 he was enrolled as a medical student at the London Hospital Medical College.

Graeme Ballantyne Smaill was born in Gisbome, New Zealand, in 1928 and was educated at Gisbome High School and Otago University where he graduated MB, ChB in 1954. In his student days he was keen on surf lifesaving and on tennis. After graduation he spent three years at Wellington Hospital as house

Robert Young Paton was born on 18 January 1894 in Perth, the son of Dr Edward Ley Paton, and was educated at Perth Academy and St Andrew's University, where he was Matheson Scholar. He came to St Mary's Hospital for his clinical studies which were interrupted in 1917 when he served for over a year a

Harry Archibald Pearce went to St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical School and qualified with the Conjoint Diploma in 1937, graduating with the London University MB BS in the same year. He became casualty house surgeon at St Bartholomew's, and developing a special interest in orthopaedics early in his

Richard Butler qualified MRCS LRCP from Cambridge and St Thomas's Hospital in 1927 and he spent his early postgraduate years gaining experience in general and orthopaedic surgery, working for Bristow, Perkins and Trethowan. He became FRCS in 1928 and took the MCh in 1933, winning the Robert Jones Go

Harold Jackson Burrows was born at Harrow, Middlesex, on 9 May 1902. His father was Harold Burrows FRCS and his grandfather was a graduate of St Bartholomew's Hospital, who became a Surgeon-Major in the Bombay Army. He was educated at Edinburgh House, Lee-on-Solent and Cheltenham College, where he w

Edward Townley Bailey passed the Conjoint Diploma in 1921 and qualified MB BS the following year. He was surgical registrar and resident medical officer to the orthopaedic department of the Middlesex Hospital and orthopaedic surgical specialist to the London County Council. He became honorary consul

Henry George Lowe was born on 13 September 1923 and was educated at Bolton School and the University of Manchester where he obtained the MB BCh degree in 1947. After resident appointments he became a demonstrator of anatomy as a preliminary to his surgical training, and he took the Fellowship in 195

Ralph Brooke did his medical training at Guy's where he was house surgeon and out-patients' officer. He became general surgeon to the Worthing Hospital and orthopaedic surgeon to the Royal County Hospital. During the second world war he was appointed surgical specialist for the 21st General Hospital