Norman Shenstone was born at Brantford, Ontario, on 18 April 1881, the second son and second child of Joseph Newton Shenstone, a manufacturer of farm machinery, and Eliza Hara, his wife. His primary education was in local schools of Brantford and Toronto, to which his family moved during his early b

Born on 10 April 1886, son of Arthur John Jefferson MD of Rochdale, who was trained at St Thomas's and became honorary medical officer to Rochdale Infirmary, he received a classical education at Manchester Grammar School, as did his younger brother J C Jefferson FRCS (1888-1954). Proceeding to Manch

Born at Glenridding Westmoreland on 20 October 1880 he was the eldest son of Francis Charles MacNalty MD, MCh, sometime senior assistant physician to the Metropolitan Hospital, London, and Hester Emma Frances, nee Gardner, who was the grand-daughter of Sir John Piozzi Salisbury. MacNalty's boyhood w