Philippa Parry Pughe was born on 3 April, 1897, at Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia, the only daughter of Canon Thomas St John Pughe. She attended Toowoomba High School until the age of 10 when her parents brought her to England. She visited Rome and Venice where she remembered the Campanile in ruin

George Armitage was born at Rothwell, near Leeds, on 20 April 1896 the son of George Armitage, a company director and chairman of the family brickworks. His mother was Annie Elizabeth Flocton, the daughter of a prison governor. He was educated at the village school at Ackworth and entered Leeds Medi

Arthur John Gardham, the second son of Arthur and Elizabeth Gardham (née Phelps), was born at Leytonstone, Essex on 4 November 1899. He was educated at Bancroft's School, University College and University College Hospital, London, but his studies were interrupted by the first world war when his fath

Born on March 22 at Kew Park, Bethel Town, Westmoreland, Jamaica, he was the third son of James Rowland Williams, the family having been in Jamaica for many generations. The family was a distinguished one, an elder sister being Dr Cicely Williams CMG, who first detected and described kwashiorkor in

Margaret Salmond as she preferred to be called, was born on 20 January 1897, at Ilkley, Yorkshire, the only child of Percy Newby Salmond, a merchant, also a Major in the 3rd (Militia) Battalion of the Royal Scots Regiment, and of his wife, Elaine Marguerite, nee Bouch. Her early education was at St

Clement Price Thomas was born on 22 November 1893 at Abercam, Monmouthshire, where his father was a merchant. His mother's father was a minister of religion. He was the youngest of a large family and went to school first at Newport High School and later at Caterham School whence he passed on to the

Capps was born in the Naval Hospital, Gibralter, on 17 May 1898, the only son of Fleet-Surgeon Frederick A Capps, who lost his life in action at the Battle of Jutland (1916). With this family background he was from an early age destined for a career in the Royal Navy, and accordingly entered the Roy