Chandra Tiwari was a surgeon based in Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India. He was born in Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, the son of Shiva Ram Tiwari, a landlord and agriculturalist, and Shushila Tiwari, the daughter of an ayurvedic practitioner. He was educated in Etawah and Kanpur and then attended Allalabad Uni

Aime Robert Merle d'Aubigné was born in Neuilly-sur-Seine on 23 July 1900, the son of Charles Merle d'Aubigné, a Protestant pastor of Huguenot descent. His paternal grandfather was a professor of theology at Geneva and an authority on the history of the Reformation. He had a strict religious educati

Mahapitiyage Peiris was born in Panadura, Ceylon, on 28 July 1898, the son of M A Peiris, a merchant, and was educated at St John's School, Panadura, and St Joseph's College, Colombo, before entering Ceylon Medical College qualifying in 1926.After graduation and junior hospital posts he was appointe

John Nicholas Rimmer was born in Widnes, Lancashire, on 26 July 1924. His father was John Rimmer, a farmer, and his mother was Florence Woods. His father-in-law, Harold Frederick Leese, LDSRCS, was a dental surgeon in Mossley Hill, Liverpool, for forty years. John Rimmer attended Wade Deacon Scho

John Le Messurier Kneebone was born in Adelaide on March 25, 1890, the eldest son of John Henry and Mary Matilda Kneebone, of Woodville, Adelaide. He was educated at Pulteney Grammar School where he was dux in each form. He won a scholarship to St Peter's College for three years where he was dux, wi

Born in 1940 in Hove, Sussex, the son of a general practitioner, George Nigel Boobbyer was educated at Prestonville, Brighton, and Haileybury. He read medicine at St Mary's Hospital Medical School, graduating MB BS London, in 1964 and gaining the Conjoint Diploma in that year. He was house surgeon i

Ibrahim El Moghraby was educated at Gordon's Memorial College in Khartoum and the Kitchener School of Medicine, where he graduated with distinction in 1935 after winning prizes in both medicine and surgery. He subsequently joined the Sudan medical service and after appointments at Khartoum Civil

Ian Harris was surgeon to the government of Brunei. He was born in Adelaide in 1920. His father had emigrated from Scotland, and Ian himself felt profoundly Scottish. He interrupted his medical studies to join the Royal Navy during the second world war. In the North Sea and later in the Mediterranea

Son of a pastoralist, Donald Wallace Fleming ("Don" or sometimes "Walt" to his friends) was born in Carnarvon 2 January 1917. He attended the local primary School in Carnarvon then Guildford Grammar School in Perth, completing his schooling in 1934. In those days, to do medicine it was necessary

Drogo Austin was born in Colombo, Ceylon on 17 October 1910, the son of Lester Austin, a banker in the National Bank of India who claimed descent from the Commissar General of the British Army which had captured Ceylon from the Dutch. His mother was Ethel Elfreda, née Nicolle. He was educated at Roy

Anders Langenskiöld was a distinguished orthopaedic surgeon in Helsinki, Finland. He was born in Helsinki in 1916. He wrote a doctoral thesis on electrophysiology under the Nobel laureate Ragnar Granit and worked in field hospitals during the war with the Soviet Union, before graduating in medicine

George Patrikios was chief of surgery at Sebokeng Hospital, Gauteng, South Africa. He was born on 13 February 1937 in Salisbury, Rhodesia, the third child and second son of Greek parents – Nestor Theodore Patrikios, a tobacco grader, and Eudokia Patrikios née Tselentis. He was educated at the David