Lieutenant General Malik Shaukat Hasan was director of surgery in the Pakistan Army and a pioneer of cardiothoracic surgery in his country. He was born on 12 May 1919 in Amritsar, India, the third son of a middle class Muslim cloth merchant; his paternal grandfather was from Kashmir and his maternal

Cyril Cooling was a consultant surgeon at the Royal Marsden Hospital and then medical superintendent of Benenden Hospital in Kent. The second son of Frank Cooling, a newsagent, and Lilian M Cooling née Waygood, he won the coveted Bucknill scholarship to enter University College Hospital in 1941, the

Norman Adrian Boyd was born on 1 May 1934 in Hendon, the son of the Reverend Norman Robert Boyd who was a vicar in the Church of England and his wife Kathleen née Humby. After attending Arnold House Preparatory School in North London, he went to Marlborough College and then studied medicine at Chari

Bill Barrie was a consultant general surgeon who was a driving force in developing surgery, and laparoscopic surgery in particular, at Leicester General Hospital. He was born on 22 May 1945 in Glasgow, the son of Robert Barrie, an engineer at the engineering firm G and J Weir, and Annie Barrie née W

Paul McMaster founded the liver transplant unit at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham with his physician colleague, Elwyn Elias. He was born in Liverpool on 4 January 1943, the son of James McMaster, a general practitioner, and Sarah Jane McMaster née Lynn, and studied medicine at Liverpool Uni

The only child of Andrew Cheyne of Ollaberry, Shetland and Eliza Watson, his wife (d. 1856), was born off Hobart's Town, Tasmania, on 14 December 1852. His father (d. 1867) was the owner of ships trading in the South Sea islands. His parents dying young, Cheyne was brought up by his uncle, who was t

Humphrey Walter Gowland was born in 1918 in Dunedin, New Zealand, the second son of Percy Gowland, who later became the eminent Professor of Anatomy at Otago Medical School. He was educated at first in Dunedin and later at Waitaki College where he had a distinguished international athletic career. H

Born on July 16th, 1783, at Cirencester, where his father, William Lawrence (1753-1837), was the chief surgeon of the town. His mother was Judith, second daughter of William Wood, of Tetbury, Gloucestershire. The younger son, Charles Lawrence (1794-1881), was a scientific agriculturist who took a le

Born at East Hoathly, Sussex on 18 September 1884, where his father and grandfather had practised, he was educated at Eastbourne College and Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge. There he took second class honours in the Natural Sciences Tripos part I in 1905, and following the family tradition did

Robert Allen Fitzsimons was born on 16 March 1892 at Maugherow, County Sligo, Ireland, and educated there at Summerhill College. He entered the Customs and Excise branch of the Civil Service by competitive examination in 1911 and in 1912 was transferred from Ireland to the Custom House at Billingsga

Born in Rotterdam on 25 February 1897, the son of a teacher who moved to the Dutch East Indies in 1905, Eerland spent part of his childhood in what is now Indonesia, a land for which he retained a life-long affection. He received his professional education at the faculty of medicine in Utrecht from

Born at Leeds on June 28th, 1831, the eldest son of Thomas Pridgin Teale, senr (qv), and succeeded his father both officially and in practice. He was educated at Leeds Grammar School, entered Winchester College in 1844, and matriculated from Brasenose College, Oxford, on February 2nd, 1849. He gradu