Born in Australia in 1923, he was educated at Sydney University. He qualified in 1945 and held resident posts for two years at the Royal Prince Alfred Hospital. He next held a teaching fellowship in the Anatomy School of the University, taking his doctorate with a thesis on the role of the vertebral

Raphael Marcus was a former consultant general surgeon at Clutterbridge Hospital, Merseyside. He was born in Liverpool on 30 October 1914, the only son of Samuel and Faigel née Dover, Jewish immigrants from Eastern Europe. He grew up with a strong commitment to Jewish values. After qualifying from L

Ashton Miller, always known as 'Jerry', was born in Burton-on-Trent, Staffordshire, on 10 September 1908, the fourth child and only son of William Ashton Miller, a banker and brewery director, and Adeline Louisa, née Porter, a farmer's daughter. He was educated at Tonbridge School before going up to

Denis Lister Chadwick was born at Manchester on 30 March 1924, the son of a doctor. He was educated at Manchester Grammar School and Manchester University, where he graduated in 1947. After house appointments at Manchester Royal Infirmary and elsewhere he served in the medical branch of the Royal Ai

Victor John Kinsella was born in Sydney, New South Wales, on 30 July 1900, the son of John J. Kinsella, a public accountant, and his wife Elizabeth, née Reynolds. He was educated at the Marist Brothers' School, North Sydney, and at the age of thirteen won a bursary to St Joseph's College, Hunter's H

Keith Yeates was born a Scotsman but lived almost all his life in Newcastle upon Tyne where he made a great name for himself in urology and a fine reputation for his department. His father William was the manager of a tobacco company in Glasgow and his mother was Winifred, née Scott. They lived in H

John ('Harry') Sharrard was a consultant orthopaedic surgeon in Sheffield. He was born in Lincoln on 8 November 1921, the only survivor of a pair of twins. His father William and mother Winifred (née Wells) were both medical practitioners. His mother had been a brilliant student, winning no fewer th

Anthony Barker was born in Birmingham on 3 September 1920, the son of Charles Edward Barker, a solicitor and clerk of court in Birmingham, and Alice Mary, née Short. He was educated at Mill Hill School and the University of Birmingham Medical School, where he met his future wife Margaret (Maggie) Ne