Search Results for Christopher Heath

First Title value, for Searching Heath, Christopher (1835 - 1905)

2026-06-06T07:55:36Z

by Royal College of Surgeons of England
Publication Date 2006-05-04 2012-03-22
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Asset Path Root/Lives of the Fellows/E000000-E000999/E000200-E000299
URL for Files https://livesonline.rcseng.ac.uk/client/en_GB/search/asset/372402372402
Occupation Anatomist General surgeon
Details Born in London on March 13th, 1835, the son of Christopher Heath (1802-1876) and Eliza Barclay. His father was the well-known Irvingite who was instrumental in building the beautiful Catholic Apostolic Church in Gordon Square, where he afterwards acted as angel, or minister, of the congregation. Heath was educated at King's College School, which he entered in May, 1845. He was apprenticed to Nathaniel Davidson, of Charles Street, Manchester Square, and began his medical studies at King's College, London, in October , 1851. Here he gained the Leathes and Warneford Prizes for general proficiency in medical subjects and in divinity, and was admitted an Associate in 1855. From March 11th to Sept. 25th, 1855, he served as hospital dresser on board H.M. Steam Frigate *Impérieuse* in the Baltic Fleet during the Crimean War, and was awarded a medal. He was appointed Assistant Demonstrator of Anatomy at King's College, and served as House Surgeon at King's College Hospital to Sir William Fergusson (q.v.) from May to November, 1857. In 1856 he was appointed Demonstrator of Anatomy at Westminster Hospital, where he was made Lecturer on Anatomy and Assistant Surgeon in 1862. Heath was consulting Surgeon to the St. George and St. James's Dispensary in 1858, and in 1860 he was elected Surgeon to the West London Hospital at Hammersmith; in 1870 he was Surgeon to the Hospital for Women, Soho; and later he was Consulting Surgeon to the National Dental Hospital in Great Portland Street. He was elected Assistant Surgeon and Teacher of Operative Surgery at University College Hospital in 1866, where he became full Surgeon in 1871 on the resignation of Sir John Eric Erichsen (q.v.). He was appointed Holme Professor of Clinical Surgery in 1875, resigned his hospital appointments in 1900, and was then made Consulting Surgeon and Emeritus Professor of Clinical Surgery. At the Royal College of Surgeons he gained the Jacksonian Prize in 1867 with his essay upon "The Injuries and Diseases of the Jaws, including those of the Antrum, and with the Treatment by Operation, or otherwise." He was a Member of the Council from 1881-1897; Examiner in Anatomy and Physiology from 1875-1880; a Member of the Court of Examiners from 1883-1892; and an Examiner in Dental Surgery in 1888. He was Hunterian Professor of Surgery and Pathology in 1887, Bradshaw Lecturer in 1892, and Hunterian Orator in 1897. He was a Vice-President in 1895, and was called upon to act as President when John Whitaker Hulke (q.v.) died on Feb. 19th, 1895. Heath was elected President in his place in the following July and served his term of office during the year 1895-1896. In 1897 he visited the United States and delivered the second course of "Lane Medical Lectures" which had been recently founded at the Medical College, San Francisco. He visited Montreal on his way back to England and was given the honorary LL.D degree by the University of Montreal. He was President of the Clinical Society of London and an Associate Fellow of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia. Heath lived for many years at 36 Cavendish Square; the house has now been rebuilt. He married (1) Sarah, daughter of the Rev. Jasper Peck; and (2) Gabrielle Nora, daughter of Captain Joseph Maynard, R.N. He died on Aug. 8th, 1905, leaving a widow, five sons, and one daughter. His fourth son, P. Maynard Heath, F.R.C.S., became Surgeon to the Evelina Hospital for Sick Children. Heath was a brilliant surgeon and a great teacher. His intimate knowledge of anatomy made him a dexterous operator, but his comparative inability to appreciate new truths of bacteriology cut him off from the scientific side of surgery. Early in his career he showed a very special aptitude in the art of surgery, of which his master, Sir William Fergusson, was so excellent an exponent. For thirty-three years Heath was one of the most active members of the Surgical Staff of University College, and his boldness and skill were exhibited in his successful case of simultaneous ligature of the carotid and subclavian arteries for aneurysm in 1865. The patient lived for five years afterwards in spite of her intemperate habits. As a teacher Heath was at once direct and practical, and as an examiner prompt, penetrating, and just. He served the College in various capacities for many years, and in all of these devoted himself with zeal and energy to its interests. He was a born conversationalist with marked antipathies; a hard hitter with a confident belief in his own opinion. In person he was tall and handsome; in mind wonderfully alert, seeing instantaneously any flaw in the argument of his adversary. There is a marble bas-relief by Mr. Hope Pinker in the hall of the Medical School buildings of University College Hospital, and there is a good likeness of him in the portrait group of the College Council, by Jamyn Brookes. PUBLICATIONS:- All Heath's works were published in London. The chief of these are:- *A Manual of Minor Surgery and Bandaging,* 1861; 13th ed., 1906; 16th ed., 1917 (edited by H. MORRISON DAVIES). *Practical Anatomy. A Manual of Dissections,* 1864; 9th ed., 1902 (edited by J. E. Lane); translated into Japanese, Osaka, 1880. This text-book displaced *The Dublin Dissector,* which had been the favourite of many generations of medical students (see HARRISON, ROBERT). *Injuries and Diseases of the Jaws,* 1868; 4th ed., 1894 (edited by H. P. DEAN); translated into French, 1884. *Essay on the Treatment of Intrathoracic Aneurism by the Distal Ligature*, 1871; re-issue, 1898. *A Course of Operative Surgery*, 1877; 2nd ed., 1884; translated into Japanese, Osaka, 1882. *The Student's Guide to Surgical Diagnosis*, 1879; 2nd ed., 1883; Philadelphia, 1882; New York, 1881. *Clinical Lectures on Surgical Subjects*, 1891; 2nd ed., 1895; second series, Philadelphia, 1902. He edited a *Dictionary of Practical Surgery* in 2 vols., 1886.
Resource Identifier RCS: E000215
Collection Plarr's Lives of the Fellows
Format Obituary
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First Title value, for Searching Armstrong, William Louter Hunter (1924 - 2020)

2026-06-06T07:55:36Z

by Tina Craig
Publication Date 2022-02-22
Asset Path Root/Lives of the Fellows/E010000-E010999/E010000-E010099
Occupation General surgeon
Details William (Bill) Louther Hunter Armstrong was born in Melbourne, Australia on 27 October 1924. His father, William Louther, was a medical practitioner and his mother, Nita Elizabeth née Hunter, was the daughter of a brewer. Educated at Shepparton State School and Geelong Grammar School, he then joined the RAAF and served as a pilot from 1943 to 1946. After demobilisation he studied medicine at Trinity College, Melbourne. He travelled to the UK, having worked for a while at the Royal Melbourne Hospital. At the Hammersmith Hospital he worked with the professor of surgery, Ian Aird. He passed the fellowship of the college in 1958. On his return to Australia, he worked at the Austin Hospital in Melbourne before being appointed consultant surgeon to the Geelong Hospital in 1962. He married Susanna (Sue) née Heath also in 1962 and they had a son, Sam, and daughter, Kate. A keen farmer, he also enjoyed playing golf. He died on 20 November 1920 aged 96, survived by Sue, his children, their partners, Chris and Abesi, and grandchildren William and Jimena.
Resource Identifier RCS: E010082
Collection Plarr's Lives of the Fellows
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First Title value, for Searching Heath, Philip Maynard (1876 - 1959)

2026-06-06T07:55:36Z

by Royal College of Surgeons of England
Publication Date 2014-02-26
Unknown
Asset Path Root/Lives of the Fellows/E005000-E005999/E005000-E005099
URL for Files https://livesonline.rcseng.ac.uk/client/en_GB/search/asset/377223377223
Occupation General surgeon
Details Born on 25 June 1876, fourth son of Christopher Heath (PRCS 1895-96, Emeritus Professor of Clinical Surgery at University College Hospital) and his second wife Gabrielle Nora Maynard, he was educated at St Paul's, University College and University College Hospital. He took first-class honours at his BS examination and in 1908 was elected a Fellow of University College. After a house-surgeoncy at Wolverhampton, he joined the staff of the Metropolitan, Gordon, and Evelina Hospitals. During the first world war he served in Egypt and Greece with the 15th General Hospital. He practised in London 1919-28, but then retired to Fleet, Hampshire where he served the Aldershot and Fleet hospitals from 1929 to 1946. He was chairman of the Aldershot and Basingstoke division of the British Medical Association 1943-45. Maynard Heath was a keen churchman, and took a practical interest in the care of the church and churchyard at Fleet. He died in Fleet Hospital on 3 April 1959 aged 82, survived by his wife and their son, Christopher Maynard Heath MD, ophthalmic surgeon to the Royal Cornwall Infirmary, Truro.
Resource Identifier RCS: E005040
Collection Plarr's Lives of the Fellows
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First Title value, for Searching Oldham, James (1817 - 1881)

2026-06-06T07:55:36Z

by Royal College of Surgeons of England
Publication Date 2012-09-05
Unknown
Asset Path Root/Lives of the Fellows/E002000-E002999/E002800-E002899
URL for Files https://livesonline.rcseng.ac.uk/client/en_GB/search/asset/375024375024
Occupation General surgeon
Details Born on January 17th, 1817, and after being privately educated was apprenticed to Dr Pye Smith, father of Dr Philip Henry Pye Smith, of Guy's. He entered at Guy's Hospital as a student in 1838 and was dresser to Aston Key. James Oldham, though not strong either in frame or in health, was able throughout a long life to keep up probably one of the largest private practices in the country (1842-1880). He was an ideal general practitioner, and was a generous benefactor of his neighbourhood, spending much of his fortune in charity. He bought and maintained a coffee-house tavern, and almost entirely supported St Christopher's Home for Sick Children at Haywards Heath, besides contributing liberally to the church and schools of the town. He was at one time President of the Brighton and Hove Medico-Chirurgical Society, and at the time of his death was Consulting Surgeon to the Brighton and Hove Lying-in Hospital. He died on December 26th, 1881, after a long and tedious illness, at his country residence, Haywards Heath, an estate to which he had retired in 1880. By his marriage with Anna, second daughter of Thomas Brame Oldfield, of Champion Hill, Surrey, he had issue three sons and two daughters, who survived him. Charles James Oldham (qv) was in partnership with him, his son's Brighton address being 1 Brunswick Terrace.
Resource Identifier RCS: E002841
Collection Plarr's Lives of the Fellows
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First Title value, for Searching Cotterell, Edward (1857 - 1898)

2026-06-06T07:55:36Z

by Royal College of Surgeons of England
Publication Date 2011-08-19
Unknown
Asset Path Root/Lives of the Fellows/E001000-E001999/E001200-E001299
URL for Files https://livesonline.rcseng.ac.uk/client/en_GB/search/asset/373466373466
Occupation General surgeon
Details Educated at University College, London, where he was Atkinson-Morley Scholar in 1881, House Surgeon to Christopher Heath, and Assistant Demonstrator of Anatomy. He practised for some years at Bicester, where he won a high reputation, chiefly by his boldness and skill in dealing with surgical emergencies. He had at this time two other addresses-one at 1 High Street, Banbury, the other at 7 Welbeck Street-and was Medical Officer to the Stoke Lyne District of the Bicester Union and Acting Surgeon to the 2nd Oxfordshire Rifle Volunteers, as well as Medical Referee to the Commercial Union Assurance Company. Removing to London in 1891, he settled at 39 Weymouth Street, W, and was appointed Surgeon to Out-patients at the Lock Hospital. He was also, at the time of his death, Surgeon to the West End Hospital for Diseases of the Nervous System, and to the Cancer Hospital. He died of pneumonia at his residence, 5 West Halkin Street, Belgrave Square, W, on April 5th, 1898. Publications: *The Pocket Gray; or Anatomist's Vade-Mecum*, 5th ed, 1901. *Roaring in Horses. A Popular Description of its Causes and its Radical Cure*, 16mo, London, 1888. *Syphilis: its Treatment by Intramuscular Injections of soluble Mercurial Salts*, 16mo, London, 1893. He was editor of 2nd ed of Alfred Cooper's *Syphilis*, 8vo, London, 1895. "Successful Case of Removal of the Entire Uterus for Cancer affecting Cervix." - *Brit. Med. Jour*., 1887. "Two Cases of Uretero-Lithotomy." - *Trans. Roy. Med.-Chir. Soc*., 1894, lxxvii, 255. "Stone Impacted in the Ureter; its Consequences, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment." - *Lancet*, 1894, ii, 1189. "On the Frequent Occurrence of Epithelioma of the Tongue after Syphilitic Lesions of that Organ, and its Treatment." - *Med. Week*, 1894. "A Rectangular Splint for Use after Removal of the Breast." - *Brit. Med. Jour*., 1898, i, 442.
Resource Identifier RCS: E001283
Collection Plarr's Lives of the Fellows
Format Obituary
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First Title value, for Searching Williams, Gwynne Evan Owen (1881 - 1958)

2026-06-06T07:55:36Z

by Royal College of Surgeons of England
Publication Date 2014-06-23
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Asset Path Root/Lives of the Fellows/E005000-E005999/E005400-E005499
URL for Files https://livesonline.rcseng.ac.uk/client/en_GB/search/asset/377680377680
Occupation General surgeon
Details Gwynne Williams was born in 1881 at Luton, the son of Herbert Owen Williams JP, a timber merchant, and Edith Jane Edwards his wife. He went from Bedford Grammar School to University College Hospital where he had a brilliant career as a student and a resident; he played rugger for the Hospital and was Treasurer and President of the Medical Society. He came under the influence of Wilfred Trotter, who set him the highest example in surgery and encouraged his independence of outlook and distrust of dogma. He served as assistant medical officer at Lewisham Infirmary and surgical registrar at the Dreadnought Seamen's Hospital, Greenwich. He was appointed assistant surgeon at University College Hospital in 1914, surgeon in 1919, and consulting surgeon when he retired in 1946. He had lived at the Hospital throughout the air raids in the war of 1939-45 in charge of the casualty clearing services, and had previously been responsible for modernising the fracture service; he was probably the first English surgeon to use the Smith-Petersen nailing technique. From 1935 to 1943 he was Dean of the Medical School and Chairman of the Medical Committee. Gwynne Williams was a Fellow for fifty-one years, and served on the Court of Examiners from 1926 to 1936. In April 1940 he gave six pathology demonstrations at the College. His son David Innes Williams is also a Fellow. At the British Medical Association he served on the Committee on Medical Schools in 1942-44, and was Vice-President of the surgical section for the annual meeting at Oxford in 1936. While closely connected with University College Hospital and a Fellow of University College, Williams was also consulting surgeon to the Royal Northern Hospital and the Cheyne Hospital for Children. He was an excellent teacher, and though bluff and brusque he inspired admiration. Williams married on 1 September 1914 Cecily Innes of Inverness, who survived him with their three sons, two of whom are medical men: Dr Robert Williams and Mr D I Williams. He practised at 9 Park Square West and lived after retirement at The Old Cottage, Kimpton, Hitchin, Herts. He died in University College Hospital on 3 February 1958 aged 76. He edited the 22nd edition of Christopher Heath's *Minor surgery and treatment of fractures*.
Resource Identifier RCS: E005497
Collection Plarr's Lives of the Fellows
Format Obituary
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First Title value, for Searching Williamson, George Edward (1851 - 1900)

2026-06-06T07:55:36Z

by Royal College of Surgeons of England
Publication Date 2013-02-13
Unknown
Asset Path Root/Lives of the Fellows/E003000-E003999/E003500-E003599
URL for Files https://livesonline.rcseng.ac.uk/client/en_GB/search/asset/375752375752
Occupation Ophthalmologist
Details Born at North Shields, and received his professional training at the London Hospital and Moorfields. He held the posts of House Surgeon and House Physician at the London Hospital, and formed friendships with some distinguished members of the visiting staff. In 1876 he was elected Senior House Surgeon to the Newcastle Infirmary, and discharged his duties with great ability and conscientiousness. He became Assistant to Professor George Y Heath, then at the height of his fame as an ophthalmologist, and eventually started in practice on his own account in 1879. He began as an eye specialist and was shortly afterwards appointed Joint Lecturer on Physiology in the University of Durham College of Medicine. This appointment he held until the death of his friend and colleague, Professor W Christopher Arnison, when he joined Professor Frederick Page in the Chair of Surgery. In 1880 he was appointed Assistant Surgeon at the Newcastle Infirmary, and an outdoor ophthalmic department was then first created and placed under his care. Here much admirable work was done for numerous patients, and a high order of instruction was imparted to students. In 1888 Williamson succeeded Luke Armstrong as full Surgeon. As a Lecturer in the College of Medicine and at the Infirmary he was clear and terse, and could rebuke an offending student with biting sarcasm as compared with gentler ways. He was a good all-round surgeon. As an operator he was extremely careful as to details. In ophthalmic surgery he showed to the greatest advantage, for he was deft and neat-handed. He was a man of very even temper and great self-restraint, which gave the impression that he lacked enthusiasm; but under his equable manner lurked extreme tenacity of purpose which enabled him to accomplish much. He shone in debate, never cloaked his meaning, was often severe and prone to contradict, yet fair, reasonable, and persuasive. For more than twelve years Williamson was Hon Secretary and Treasurer to the North of England Branch of the British Medical Association, and he represented the Branch on the General Council. In 1893 he acted as Hon Secretary to the Branch at the Newcastle Meeting, which he rendered successful, and at the same time he presided over the Section of Ophthalmology and delivered an interesting address. He was, in fact, an excellent and useful Branch Secretary, and did much for the Association and for its members in the North of England. He was a member of the Ophthalmological Society and President of the Northumberland and Durham Medical Society. He was also Examiner in Physiology at the University of Durham. He died unexpectedly of pneumonia on the morning of June 6th, 1900, at his residence, 8 Eldon Square, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, survived by a widow and five young sons. He was buried close to the grave of his friend, Professor Arnison, in St Andrew's Cemetery, Newcastle.
Resource Identifier RCS: E003569
Collection Plarr's Lives of the Fellows
Format Obituary
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First Title value, for Searching Dean, Henry Percy (1864 - 1931)

2026-06-06T07:55:36Z

by Royal College of Surgeons of England
Publication Date 2013-05-01
Unknown
Asset Path Root/Lives of the Fellows/E003000-E003999/E003900-E003999
URL for Files https://livesonline.rcseng.ac.uk/client/en_GB/search/asset/376134376134
Occupation General surgeon
Details Born 19 September 1864, the son of Henry Dean of 4 Rosary Gardens, London, SW. He was educated at University College, and had an undergraduate career of extreme brilliancy, winning medals in physiology and surgery, and being exhibitioner and gold medallist in anatomy. In 1889 he joined the staff of the Great (now Royal) Northern Hospital in Holloway Road, but appears to have resigned after a few months' service. In the same year he was elected surgeon to the Queen's Hospital for Children in Hackney Road and held office until 1899, when he resigned and was made consulting surgeon. In 1890 he was elected a Fellow of University College, and on 2 March 1892 he became assistant surgeon to the London Hospital after serving as surgical registrar, becoming surgeon on 1 December 1909 and consulting surgeon on 5 March 1913. Sir Frederick Treves was at the height of his reputation, when Dean was elected to the staff of the London Hospital, and swayed the affairs of the medical school at every crisis. Presently the influence of Dean's personality, one of exceptional power, became felt. He quickly and quietly took the place which Sir Frederick Treves had occupied in the Hospital and School, and with the appointment of Lord Knutsford as treasurer Dean at once began to re-organize, introducing as teachers Sir Leonard Hill, Sir Peter Chalmers Mitchell, Sir Henry Head, Sir Robert Hutchison, Sir Arthur Keith, and Dr William Bulloch. Then came the tragedy of his life; the death of his beloved wife and his only child from acute tuberculosis in 1912 plunged him into profound melancholia, and thereafter silence. He died on 14 April 1931 at 11 Abinger Road, Bedford Park, London and was buried at Highgate cemetery. He left three-fourths of the residue of his estate to the London Hospital; the other fourth was left to the Queen's Hospital for Children, Hackney Road, E. Sir Arthur Keith says of Dean: "He became the dominant spirit of the medical school at the London Hospital for an altogether too brief period. He could organize; he not only gave everyone the impression that he had great gifts: he possessed them. He had a most efficiently arranged mind; he reached conclusions after due and deliberate consideration; having formed his judgments, he at once proceeded to impose them on public policy, pursuing the objectives he had in view without fear or favour. He was a born teacher; his thoughts were clearly cut, he laid them before his students with a conviction which can be born only of personal experience. In these early days he had established himself as an authority on the surgical treatment and sequelae of middle-ear disease. His contributions to surgery attracted the attention and won the approbation of the medical world. He could operate, and he was a clinician. Students sought his help in their troubles, and practitioners his advice and skill with their patients. He seemed destined to reap the highest rewards his profession could confer on its most distinguished votaries." Publications:- *Cerebral compression* (MS thesis). London, 1889. Editor of Christopher Heath's *Injuries and diseases of the jaws*, 4th edition. London, 1894.
Resource Identifier RCS: E003951
Collection Plarr's Lives of the Fellows
Format Obituary
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First Title value, for Searching Cockle, John (1813 - 1900)

2026-06-06T07:55:36Z

by Royal College of Surgeons of England
Publication Date 2011-06-07
Unknown
Asset Path Root/Lives of the Fellows/E001000-E001999/E001200-E001299
URL for Files https://livesonline.rcseng.ac.uk/client/en_GB/search/asset/373394373394
Occupation General surgeon
Details Became a member of the Staff of the Royal Free Hospital early in life, but in the absence of a medical school there, he joined the Grosvenor Place School of Medicine, where for a time he held the post of Lecturer on the Principles and Practice of Medicine. His colleagues here were Spencer Wells, B Ward Richardson, and William Adams. He then specialized in diseases of the chest, and was appointed Physician to the Margaret Street Infirmary for Consumption and to the City Dispensary. At the Royal Free Hospital he was for many years Senior Physician. He had numerous valuable drawings made of patients suffering from aneurysm of the root of the neck, and in his researches found the record of two cases of apparent cure of aneurysm of the arch due to obliteration of the left carotid. When Christopher Heath (qv) used distal ligature in 1865, Cockle became still more convinced that this method offered relief in aortic aneurysm, and in 1872, a suitable case presenting itself in his practice, he induced Heath to tie the left carotid in the neck. The patient made a complete recovery and lived for four years. The specimen is in the College of Surgeons' Museum. Cockle was one of the few physicians in his day who also held the RCS Fellowship. His practice at 63 Brook Street was extensive, and he afterwards moved, before his final retirement, to 8 Suffolk Street, Pall Mall, where he practised in the eighties of the nineteenth century. He came up daily to his practice from his country residence at West Molesey, Surrey. Increasing deafness caused him to retire finally about the year 1860, and he lived quietly with his daughter at Molesey till his death on November 14th, 1900. At the time of his death Cockle was Consulting Physician to the Royal Free Hospital and Examining Physician to the Royal National Hospital for Consumption, and had been Hon Physician to the Warehousemen, Clerks and Drapers' Schools. He was President of the Medical Society of London in 1879; a corresponding member of the Society of Science and Medicine, Berlin; corresponding member of the Philosophical Society of Queensland; a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries and of the Linnean Society. Publications: *An Essay on the Poison of the Cobra di Capello*, 8vo, London, 1852. Translation of Georg Weber's *Clinical Handbook of Auscultation and Percussion*, 8vo, London, 1854. *Lectures upon the Historic Literature of the Pathology of the Heart and Great Vessels*, Part I: From the earliest authentic records to the close of the Arabian epoch, 12mo, London, 1860. *On Insufficiency of the Aortic Valves in Connection with Sudden Death*: with notes historical and critical, 8vo, London, 1861; 2nd ed., 1880. *On Intrathoracic Cancer*: Part I, Introductory, and Historic Sketch; Part II, Contributions to the Pathology of the Disease, 8vo, London, 1865. *Thoughts on the Present Theories of the Algide Stage of Cholera*, 8vo, London, 1866. *The Oration on the Occasion of the Centenary of the Medical Society of London, being a Review of some recent Doctrines concerning the Mind*, 8vo, London, 1874. *Contributions to Cardiac Pathology*, 12mo, London, 1880. "The Influence of the Discharges and Nervous Shock on the Collapse of Cholera," 12mo, London, 1867; reprinted from *Med. Press and Circular*. "On Clinical Method." Introductory Address at the Royal Free Hospital, London, 1877. *Notes on the Surgical Treatment of Aortic Aneurysm*, being in part a reprint of some papers in the *Lancet* on the same subject, published in the years 1869 and 1872, 8vo, London, 1877. "Past and Present Phases of Physic." Introductory Address at the Grosvenor Place School of Medicine, London, 1859. "On Spontaneous Gangrene connected with Disease of the Heart and Great Vessels." - *Med. Mirror*, 1864, i, 821, 400. "On Mammary Abscess during Lactation." - *Med. Circular*, 1853, iii, 91.
Resource Identifier RCS: E001211
Collection Plarr's Lives of the Fellows
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First Title value, for Searching Craven, Sir Robert Martin (1824 - 1903)

2026-06-06T07:55:36Z

by Royal College of Surgeons of England
Publication Date 2011-09-02
Unknown
Asset Path Root/Lives of the Fellows/E001000-E001999/E001300-E001399
URL for Files https://livesonline.rcseng.ac.uk/client/en_GB/search/asset/373502373502
Occupation General surgeon
Details Born in Hull on March 12th, 1824. He came of a family distinguished professionally and as prominent citizens in his native town. His grandfather, Robert Martin Craven (the first), was born on November 11th, 1770 (St Martin's Day), and began to practise in Hull in 1794. He was Sheriff of Hull in 1822, carried on practice as Robert M Craven and Son, and died in 1859. The name Craven was borne by Sir William Craven (1548-1618?), Lord Mayor of London, whose eldest son, William Earl of Craven (1606-1697), was the soldier, and his second son, John, the founder of the Craven Scholarships at Oxford and Cambridge. Robert Martin Craven (the second) was educated at Kingston College, Hull, and received his professional training at the Hull General Infirmary, the Hull Medical School, and at St Bartholomew's Hospital and School, where Lawrence, Paget, Skey, and Stanley were amongst his most distinguished teachers. Later he pursued his studies in various Paris hospitals. He practised in Hull in partnership with his father and was elected Hon Surgeon to the Hull Infirmary (October 8th, 1852), having previously, during five years, acted as Dresser there under his father. He was for twenty years an admirable Lecturer on Anatomy and Physiology in the Hull Medical School, which was dissolved in September, 1870. He was during the same time Secretary to the School. In 1876 he made his wife and six children Life Governors of the Hull Infirmary, and in August, 1886, one of the wards was named 'The Craven Ward' in recognition of the eminent services rendered to the institution by three generations of Cravens. In 1878 he was elected Sheriff of Hull, and in the following year he was made a Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons, Edinburgh. His election to the Fellowship of the Royal College of Surgeons of England took place more than ten years later. He was admitted to the freedom of the Society of Apothecaries, London, on Oct 14th, 1890. In 1892 he resigned his position as Hon Surgeon to the Hull Royal Infirmary after forty years' tenure of office, when he was presented with a testimonial and appointed Consulting Surgeon. He also became a member of the Board of Management. In March, 1894, he was elected Consulting Surgeon to the Hull Women's and the Orthopaedic Hospitals. He was twice President of the Hull and East Riding and North Lincolnshire Branch of the British Medical Association, and in 1891-1892 he was President of the Hull Medico-Ethical Society. He took a considerable part in the political and social life of what he loved to refer to as 'my town'. His knighthood, which was conferred on him in 1896, was much appreciated by his fellow-citizens. Sir Robert was a most familiar figure at the Royal College of Surgeons, his striking and rugged head, with its thick white hair, being conspicuous at Hunterian Orations and elections of Fellows when personal attendance was necessary. His loud voice with a strong Yorkshire accent revealed his presence in every assembly. On stepping from his cab in front of the College, one or other of the porters would run out with a judicious "Good day, Sir Robert". "Ah, you're glad to see me, then," would come the reply. A pourboire of half-a-crown invariably followed, so that there was keen competition for the honour of opening the door of the cab. He died at his residence, 13 and 14 Albion Street, Hull, on November 15th, 1903, and was buried in the Hull General Cemetery. Sir Robert Craven was twice married: (1) in 1853 to Jane, daughter of William Ward, a shipowner of Hull, and (2) in 1859 to Mary, daughter of Robert Welsh, Writer to the Signet, Edinburgh. This lady was a descendant of John Knox, and first cousin to Jane Welsh Carlyle. By the first marriage there was born to him one son, and by the second five daughters. His second wife died in 1885. His portrait - an admirable one, from the *Scalpel*, 1896, i - is in the College Collection. Publications: Sir Robert Craven was an occasional contributor to the medical journals. "His first contributions", says the Scalpel biography, "were published in 1868 by Christopher Heath, FRCS, in his work on *Injuries and Diseases of the Jaw* (Jacksonian Essay, 1867)."
Resource Identifier RCS: E001319
Collection Plarr's Lives of the Fellows
Format Obituary
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First Title value, for Searching Beck, Marcus (1843 - 1893)

2026-06-06T07:55:36Z

by Royal College of Surgeons of England
Publication Date 2009-12-11
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Asset Path Root/Lives of the Fellows/E000000-E000999/E000800-E000899
URL for Files https://livesonline.rcseng.ac.uk/client/en_GB/search/asset/372984372984
Occupation General surgeon
Details Born at Isleworth of the same Quaker family that produced Lord Lister and Rickman J Godlee, as is shown in the following genealogy. Edward Beck married twice, his second wife being Susannah Lucas, of Hitchin, who numbered among her ancestors Thomas Young (1773-1829), physician, physicist, and Egyptologist. She died at the age of 84, a few years before her son, Marcus. Marcus Beck was educated at Queenwood College, Hants, under George Edmonstone whose science masters were Frankland, Tyndall, and Debus; and afterwards at Hitchin, in the school kept by Arthur Abbott. He entered the University of Glasgow in 1860, where Joseph Lister, his first cousin once removed, was Professor of Surgery, and with him he lived during his residence in the University. He returned to London in 1863, entered University College Hospital, and was appointed in due course House Surgeon to Sir John Eric Erichsen (qv). He also served as Physician’s Assistant to Sir William Jenner and to Dr C J Hare, and acted as Demonstrator of Anatomy under Professor Viner Ellis (qv). He was appointed Surgical Registrar to the hospital in 1870 and at once established his reputation by the elaborate analysis of surgical cases which he published in the *University College Hospital Reports*. During this period, and with the assistance of S G Shattock (qv) and Charles Stonham (qv), he catalogued the surgical pathological specimens in the Museum of University College. He was appointed Assistant Surgeon to University College Hospital in 1873; in 1875 he succeeded Christopher Heath (qv) as Teacher of Operative Surgery; in 1883 he became Professor of Clinical Surgery; and in 1885 was elected Surgeon to the Hospital and Professor of Surgery in succession to John Marshall (qv). He was elected a Member of the Council of the Royal College of Surgeons in 1890, and a Member of the Court of Examiners in 1892. He was then practising at 30 Wimpole Street. He died unmarried at Isleworth on Sunday, May 21st, 1893, after suffering for twenty years from diabetes, and was interred in the Friends’ burial ground at Brentford End. Beck became most widely known as the Editor of the 8th and 9th editions of Erichsen’s *Science and Art of Surgery*, which appeared respectively in 1884 and 1888. He had been closely associated with Erichsen and had acted as his private assistant since 1869. He most skilfully included recent advances in the science of surgery and surgical pathology, including the pathology of wounds and septic diseases. The researches of Pasteur and Koch with the work of Lister were thus made known to all students of surgery, for the two volumes were re-issued in America and were translated into German and into Russian. Beck was an inspiring teacher, who was equally good at the bedside and in the lecture theatre. He soon gathered round him assistants who were to become distinguished in surgery: William Meredith, Stanley Boyd, Victor Horsley, and Raymond Johnson were his pupils. His lectures were models of lucidity and were in the highest degree stimulating. An abscess, an ulcer, or a fracture were to him living things and he made the processes of disintegration and repair actually visible to the mind’s eye of his students. He taught that a ground-work of scientific pathology was the only safe basis of surgical practice. The Pathological Society of London was in its full vigour at the time as the focus for the study of morbid anatomy, for bacteriology had not yet come into its own. The Society set up a ‘Morbid Growths Committee’, Beck was elected a member and thus had the opportunity of advancing the systematic histological examination of obscure specimens exhibited before the Society. He was joint author of the *Report on Pyoemia* in 1879. Beck contributed articles on “Diseases of the Kidney and Secondary Affections of the Lower Urinary Tract, misnamed Surgical Kidney,” to Volume V of Reynold’s *System of Medicine*. He also wrote on “Erysipelas” for the 1st edition of Quain’s *Dictionary of Medicine*, and on “Diseases of the Breast” for Heath’s *Dictionary of Surgery*. Beck was a man of most attractive personality, good looking and somewhat cynical. He lived retired at Isleworth, rarely going into society on account of prolonged ill health, though he continued to attend the hospital and to fill the calls of an ever-increasing practice nearly to the end of his life. There is a good portrait of him at the Royal Society of Medicine and a photograph in the Council Album at the Royal College of Surgeons. Mr Roger Beck gave an endowment in 1914 to the Royal Society of Medicine as a tribute to the memory of his brother. It was utilized to establish an experimental laboratory where David Thomson and John Gordon Thomson carried out an able research by cultivating living tissues *in vitro*. After the war it was decided to discontinue the laboratory and use the room for books issued before the beginning of the nineteenth century. This room is known as “The Marcus Beck” Library, and the portrait hangs over the fireplace. Publications: “Descriptive Catalogue of Specimens Illustrating Surgical Pathology in the Museum of University College Hospital, London.” – Part I, edited in collaboration with S G Shattock, 1881; Part II, in collaboration with C Stonham, 1887. “Galvano-puncture of Aortic Aneurysm.” – *Lancet*, 1873, ii, 550. “Three Cases of Trephining for Haemorrhage from the Middle Meningeal Artery.” – *Med. Times and Gaz*., 1877, ii, 199. “Case of Nephrolithotomy.” – *Trans. Clin. Soc.*, 1882, xv, 103. *The Science and Art of Surgery*, by John Eric Erichsen, 8th ed revised and edited by Marcus Beck. 2 vols., 1884, and 9th ed, 1888.
Resource Identifier RCS: E000801
Collection Plarr's Lives of the Fellows
Format Obituary
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First Title value, for Searching Godlee, Sir Rickman John (1849 - 1925)

2026-06-06T07:55:36Z

by Royal College of Surgeons of England
Publication Date 2006-05-11 2012-03-22
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Asset Path Root/Lives of the Fellows/E000000-E000999/E000200-E000299
URL for Files https://livesonline.rcseng.ac.uk/client/en_GB/search/asset/372408372408
Occupation General surgeon Thoracic surgeon
Details Born of Quaker parents in Queen Square, London, W.C., on February 15th, 1849, the second son of Rickman Godlee, a barrister of the Inner Temple who had married Mary Lister, the only sister of Joseph, Lord Lister. Marcus Beck (q.v.), therefore, was a cousin, and Lord Lister his uncle. Godlee was brought up in the prosperous and quiet environment of which he afterwards gave so charming an account in the *Life* of his uncle. He was sent to Mr. Abbott's school at Grove House, Tottenham, where most of the Friends' children were educated, and here he learnt to become a field botanist and ornithologist, for natural history was prominent in the curriculum. He graduated in Arts at the University of London before he embarked on medicine, and entered University College in 1867, where he soon attracted attention as a neat dissector. He graduated M.B. and M.S. at the University of London, winning a Gold Medal at each examination. He served the office of House Surgeon to Sir John Eric Erichsen (q.v.), and at the end of the year 1872 he went to live with his uncle, who was then Professor of Clinical Surgery in the University of Edinburgh. He studied his methods, and published the results of his observations in the *Lancet* (1878, i, 694, 729) with the title, "The Antiseptic Treatment in Edinbugh". Godlee then returned to London and was appointed Surgical Registrar at University College Hospital. Whilst acting in this capacity, on May 20th, 1874, he opened an abscess connected with acute necrosis of the tibia. He made careful drawings of the microscopic appearances of the pus with the aid of a camera lucida, and observed "certain curious minute bodied which were arranged in rows or chains". They were streptococci, but he failed to name them. It was not until the International Congress of 1881 that Koch showed photographs of the micro-organisms he had found at the margins of erysipelatous lesions. Godlee afterwards wrote on the drawing, "This was, so far as I know, the first time that organisms were seen in the pus of an abscess immediately it was opened". The drawing is now in the Lister wall case in Room I of the College Museum. He was elected Assistant Surgeon to Charing Cross Hospital and Lecturer on Anatomy in the Medical School in 1876, and resigned both offices in 1878. He was also Surgeon to the North-Eastern (now the Queen's) Hospital for Children in the Hackney Road from 1876. He was elected Assistant Surgeon to University College Hospital in 1877. The post was a new one and carried with it an Assistant Demonstratorship of Anatomy in University College. As a demonstrator of anatomy Godlee was able to make use of his great artistic powers. He began the drawings for *An Atlas of Human Anatomy* in 1876, with the design of illustrating most of the ordinary dissections and many not usually practised by the student. The *Atlas* was accompanied by an explanatory text. Over one hundred dissections were made for its preparation, mostly by himself during the years 1876-1880, the years during which he waited for patients. He drew each dissection in pencil, giving the vessels and nerves their distinctive colours, and the drawings were then reproduced on stone. The lithographer was able to retain the clarity of the originals but lost much of their softness. Parts I-V of the *Atlas* were published in 1877-1878, and the whole appeared with 48 plates in 1880. Godlee also made the drawings for Quain's *Anatomy* and Erichsen's *Science and the Art of Surgery*. He drew them on wood himself and they were then beautifully engraved by the elder Butterworth. There appears to be very little doubt that Godlee inherited his artistic powers and tastes through his mother from the Lister side of the family. The collection at the Royal College of Surgeons contains drawings made by Sir Joseph Lister in 1862-1864 when he was planning his operation for the excision of the wrist. Some are in black-and-white, some in water-colour, and some in oils. They all show that Lister could have made his name as an artist and draughtsman. Godlee's style resembles that of his uncle, but his work is rather more accurate and delicate. He was appointed Surgeon to the Brompton Hospital for Consumption and Diseases of the Chest on Nov. 6th, 1884, and retained the office until June 6th, 1900, when he was nominated Consulting Surgeon. The post was a new one; his predecessors, Robert Liston, Sir William Fergusson, John Marshall, and Sir Joseph Lister, had only been called in occasionally. Godlee soon justified the appointment. He began to lecture, and published in the *Lancet* for 1885 and 1887, "The Surgical Treatment Empyema and of Pulmonary Cavities", and in 1890 there appeared, "On the Surgical Aspect of Hepatic Abscess, being three Lectures delivered at the Hospital for Consumption and Diseases of the Chest, Brompton", with 7 illustrations. In 1898 he joined Sir James Kingston Fowler in writing the surgical portion of *The Diseases of the Lungs*, in which they were assisted by Drs. Percy Kidd and A.E. Voelcker. Godlee acted as private assistant to Lord Lister for some years whilst he was waiting for promotion at University College, and on November 25th, 1884, he came prominently before the public as a pioneer in cerebral surgery. The patient, a man of 25, was diagnosed by Dr. Hughes Bennett as having a tumour of the brain. He was admitted into the Hospital for Epilepsy and Paralysis, Regent's Park, and the position of the tumour was located by the recent experimental work of Ferrier as being situated in the cortical substance near the upper third of the fissure of Rolando. The patient expressed a strong desire to have it removed, and Rickman Godlee was called upon to operate. The localization proved to be accurate and the glioma was extirpated without difficulty, but the patient died of secondary surgical complications. An outcry at once arose that the operation was unjustifiable, but *The Times* published two sensible leading articles and it was generally agreed that an advance had been made in regard to surgical interference with the human brain. The details of the case appear in the *Lancet* (1884, ii, 1090). Godlee became full Surgeon at University College Hospital in 1885 and resigned on April 1st, 1914. He succeeded his cousin, Marcus Beck, as Professor of Clinical Surgery in 1892, and was appointed Holme Professor of Clinical Surgery in 1900 in succession to Christopher Heath (q.v.). At the Royal College of Surgons Godlee held many honourable offices. He was an Examiner in Anatomy in 1884, a Member of the Court of Examiners from 1893-1903, Bradshaw Lecturer in 1907, and Hunterian Orator in 1913. He was elected a Member of the Council in 1897, and as Vice-President filled the place of President during the year 1911 when Sir Henry Butlin died in office. He was re-elected President in 1912 and again in 1913. One of his last acts as President was to deliver an address in the United States on the occasion of the Foundation of the American College of Surgeons, of which he was elected an honorary Fellow. He then reviewed the history of the English College in such a spirit of brotherhood that his address on the eve of the Great War formed a valuable link between the medical activities of the two countries. At the Royal Society of Medicine Godlee acted as one of the honorary librarians from 1907-1916, having filled the same post in the Royal Medico-Chirurgical Society from 1895, and was President in 1916-1917. During the War (1914-1918) he worked steadily to maintain medical efficiency, and was a constant attendant of the Central Medical War Committee, whose duty it was to recommend methods by which our armies abroad could be adequately supplied with medical officers without depleting the medical service at home. He was also Chairman of the Belgian Doctors' and Pharmacists' Relief Fund, and in this position was instrumental in bringing to the notice of the General Medical Council the advantage of allowing Belgian practitioners to qualify in England and thus to place them in a position to earn their living. Early in 1916 it became possible to relieve the medical men and pharmacists in Belgium itself, and for some months sums of money were sent to Brussels every week through the agency of the International Commission for Relief until the amount disbursed had risen to £25,000. Godlee carefully investigated the amounts paid out and made himself acquainted with the details of each grant and the destination of every cheque. In 1920 he retired to Combe End, a farm which he had long cultivated at Whitchurch in Oxfordshire. It overlooked the Thames and the grounds ran down to the river. Here he made many improvements and additions to the house, acted as a gentleman farmer, took part in the affairs of the village, and wrote a history of it in the Parish Magazine. He did not, however, lose interest in the College, and was enabled to carry out a project which had been long in his mind - the worthy display of Lord Lister's instruments and manuscripts. It was proposed at first to place the memorial in the Library, but when this was found inappropriate, a cabinet made from the design of the College architect - Mr. Freer - was placed in the Museum and was formally inaugurated on the occasion of the First Lister Memorial Lecture, May 14th, 1925. Godlee married in 1891 Juliet Mary, daughter of Frederic Seebohm, LL.D., D.Litt., of the Hermitage, Hitchin, but had no children. He died at Whitchurch on Sunday, April 18th, 1925, with the diagnosis of ruptured abdominal aneurysm, but there was no post-mortem examination. He was buried at Whitchurch. Lady Godlee survived him. Many honours fell to Rickman Godlee. He was surgeon to the Household in the time of Queen Victoria, and Surgeon in Ordinary to King Edward VII and to King George V. He was created a baronet in 1912 and was decorated K.C.V.O. in 1914. He was a Fellow of University College, London, an Hon. LL.D. of the University of Toronto, a Fellow of the American College of Surgeons, and an Hon. M.D. of Trinity College, Dublin. A striking portrait in oils was presented to the College by Lady Godlee in 1925. Godlee retained to the last many traces of his Quaker ancestry. Absolutely honest, downright, and somewhat sarcastic, he took nothing for granted that was capable of demonstration. Whatever he undertook was done thoroughly, and he thus became an expert oarsman, for he loved the river; a good carpenter; an excellent farmer; and a field naturalist. His artistic tastes extended beyond drawing, for he made a fine collection of etchings and was an expert in books, their paper and their binding. Courteous in manner and easy of address, he filled the office of President of the College with great dignity. He was a good teacher, but not so good as Marcus Beck, and he left no school as did his cousin. He operated well and did much to improve the surgery of the chest, and more to ensure that his uncle's methods were carried out in their entirety. He left about £94,000, and, after making certain specific bequests, directed that the residue should be divided between University College Hospital and College, £10,000 being devoted to the foundation of Travelling Scholarships. PUBLICATIONS:- Godlee has a permanent place in the history of surgery both for his *Life of Lister* and for the part he took in collecting and publishing Lister's writings:- (i) *Lord Lister*, 8vo, portraits, illustrations, etc., London, 1917; 3rd ed., revised, 8vo, Oxford 1924. This biography is written, like all Godlee's works, in excellent idiomatic English. It is written, too, in the spirit dictated by Lister himself, who said that "a scientist's public life lies in the work that is his". That is to say, the main part of the biography is a history of antiseptic surgery written by one who was intimately associated with Lister in his experimental work and its developments, and who for many years, in association with Sir W. Watson Cheyne, assisted him in his operative practice. It includes, therefore, a graphic sketch of Victorian medicine in Edinburgh, Glasgow, and London, as well as on the Continent. It shows how the revolutionary doctrines were received and the spirit in which they were interpreted. (ii) *The Collected Papers of Joseph, Baron Lister*, 2 vols., 4to, Oxford, at the Clarendon Press, 1909. These volumes were prepared for the Press by a committee consisting of Sir Hector C. Cameron, Sir William Watson Cheyne, Bart., Rickman J. Godlee, C. J. Martin, M.D., and Dawson Williams, M.D. The volumes are illustrated throughout and must always remain the classical corpus of Lister's work. Amongst his other publications are: - *An Atlas of Human Anatomy illustrating most of the Ordinary Dissections and many not usually Practised by the Student*, 8vo, London, 1880. Parts I-V were published in 1877-8. "Cases of Intussusception treated by Operation." - *Lancet*, 1898, ii, 1262. "Case of Rare Fracture of the Radius," 8vo, London, 1884; reprinted from *Clin. Soc. Trans*., 1883, xvi, 120. "Nephrectomy for Tumour in an Infant," from *Clin. Soc. Trans.*, 1885, xviii, 31. "On a Case of Obstruction of One Ureter by a Calculus, accompanied by Complete Suppression of Urine," 8vo, London, 1887; reprinted from *Med.-Chir. Trans.*, 1887, lxx, 237. "Surgical Treatment of Empyema" and of "Pulmonary Cavities," Lectures, *Lancet*, 1886, i, 51; 1887, i, 457. "Reflections suggested by a Series of Cases of Renal Calculus." - *Practitioner*, 1887, xxxix, 241, 329. "Some Cases of Abdominal Cysts following Injury," from *Clin. Soc. Trans*., 1887, xx, 219. *Introductory Address in the Faculty of Medicine at University College, London, October,* 1889, 8vo, London, 1889. "On the Surgical Aspect of Hepatic Abscess. Being three Lectures delivered at the Hospital for Consumption and Diseases of the Chest, Brompton," 8vo, 7 illustrations, London, 1890; reprinted from *Brit. Med. Jour.,* 1890, i, 61, etc. *The Past, Present and Future of the School of Advanced Medical Studies of University College, London:* being the Introductory Address at the Opening of the Winter Session, October, 1906, 8vo, illustrated, London, 1907. *The Bradshaw Lecture on Prognosis in Relation to Treatment of Tuberculosis of the Genito-urinary Organs,* delivered before the Royal College of Surgeons of England, December, 1907, with portrait of Dr. William Wood Bradshaw, 8vo, London, 1908. *The Hunterian Oration* delivered at The Royal College of Surgeons, 1913, with portraits of John Hunter and of the several conservators, plates of the Museum, John Hunter's death-mask, etc., 8vo, London, 1913. *Birmingham and Midland Institute. Our Attitude towards Modern Miracles.* A Presidential Address, 1919, 8vo, portrait, 1919. "Thomas Wharton Jones," with portrait, and bibliography of Wharton Jones, 8vo, London, 1921; reprinted from *Brit. Jour. Ophthalmol*., 1921, v, 97, 145. *The Diseases of the Lungs* (with JAMES KINGSTON FOWLER), 8vo, London and New York, 1898. Godlee revised the 6th and 7th editions of Heath's *Practical Anatomy*, 8vo, 24 coloured plates, London, 1885 and 1888. Appendix, "Superficial and Surgical Anatomy" (with G.D. THANE), in Quain's *Anatomy*, 10th ed., 8vo, London, 1896. *Two Cases of Bronchiectiasis,* etc (with Charles Theodore Williams), 8vo, London, 1886. "Stretching of the Facial Nerve for the Relief of Spasm of the Facial Muscles" (with W. ALLEN STURGE), 8vo, London, 1881; reprinted from *Clin. Soc. Trans.*, 1881, xiv, 44. "The Doctors and Mr. Lloyd George. Reply of the Royal Colleges" (with Sir THOMAS BARLOW), a letter in *The Times*, 1912, Feb. 15. *Six Papers by Lord Lister, with a Short Biography and Explanatory Notes by Sir Rickman J. Godlee, Bt., K.C.V.O.* (Medical Classics Series), 8vo, portraits, coloured plates, etc., London, 1921. *See also* Holmes and Hulke's *Surgery*. A further list of pamphlets is contained in a volume of *Pamphlets and Reprints*, presented to the Library by Lady Godlee after Sir Rickman's death. Among the 37 titles are a number not mentioned in the foregoing bibliography.
Resource Identifier RCS: E000221
Collection Plarr's Lives of the Fellows
Format Obituary
Format Asset