Search Results for biwman

First Title value, for Searching Hunter, John Bowman (1890 - 1951)

2025-10-02T20:59:08Z

by Royal College of Surgeons of England
Publication Date 2013-07-17
Unknown
Asset Path Root/Lives of the Fellows/E004000-E004999/E004200-E004299
URL for Files https://livesonline.rcseng.ac.uk/client/en_GB/search/asset/376424376424
Occupation General surgeon
Details Born on 16 July 1890, the third child and only son of James Hunter, a shipbroker, and Mary Hood, his wife; his parents both died while he was a child. He was brought up by his aunts at Ayr, and sent to Bedford School, where he proved a good Rugby player, and to St John's College, Cambridge, where he took first class honours in natural sciences in 1912. From University College Hospital, where he was clerk to Sidney Martin, he qualified in 1914, and won the Fellowes gold medal. On the outbreak of war in 1914 he joined Queen Victoria's Rifles as a combatant, but was transferred to the RAMC in 1915, promoted captain 1916, and served as a medical officer in France and Russia till 1919. He was mentioned in despatches, and was awarded the Military Cross in 1917. Returning to University College Hospital he served as house physician to Sir John Rose Bradford, FRCP, and house surgeon to Wilfred Trotter. He was appointed assistant to the surgical unit, but in the keen competition among Trotter's able pupils did not secure a place on the honorary staff. He had taken the Fellowship and Cambridge Mastership in 1921. Hunter now migrated to King's College Hospital, where he built up a solid reputation as an excellent diagnostician, operator, and teacher. With his colleague Cecil Wakeley he revised five editions of the successful *Textbook of Surgery*, originally written by William Rose and Albert Carless. While always a general surgeon Hunter was early in the field of thoracic surgery, and served the Royal Chest Hospital and Papworth Tuberculosis Settlement. He was appointed dean of King's College Hospital Medical School in 1938, and held this busy and useful post throughout the second war till 1946. In 1939 he assumed in addition the duty of group officer for sector No 9 of the Emergency Medical Service, whose surgical work centred on the large mental hospital at Epsom. He performed these two responsible tasks with devotion and efficiency, and was created CBE in 1946. His administrative ability was widely recognized and used. He was elected chairman of the conference of deans, and appointed dean of the Faculty of Medicine in the University of London in 1943 and chairman of the Faculty's curriculum committee in 1944. He went with Dr B A McSwiney to Jamaica in 1946 to advise on the creation of a Faculty of Medicine in the new University of the West Indies, and served on the Colonial Office's advisory committee on higher education in the colonies. He was Deputy Vice-Chancellor of the University of London 1950-51, and was elected a governor of King's College Hospital. At the British Medical Association he served on the Medical Planning Commission, was a member of numerous committees, and was secretary of the section of surgery at the annual conference 1931 and the centenary conference 1932. Under the National Health Service he became a member of the Southeast Metropolitan Region's Hospital Board. Hunter's later years were troubled by cardiac asthma and by a vexatious lawsuit, which called in question his professional competence. Although he was completely vindicated, the worry affected his health and contributed to cause his early death. On 29 July 1948 in the Court of King's Bench Mr Justice Birkett awarded £6300 damages to a former American patient of Hunter's. Hunter had advised this patient that he was suffering from a malignant condition. The patient therefore abandoned his English business, but on further investigation in New York his disease was proved to be not malignant and he was cured. The point of argument was whether or not Hunter should have removed a specimen of tissue for microscopical examination before making his diagnosis. On 21 March 1949 Lord Justice Asquith in the Court of Appeal allowed Hunter's appeal, and on 16 November 1950 the House of Lords decided finally in his favour. (Summaries of the trials and judgements are given in *British Medical Journal*, 1948, 2, 537-9; 1949, 1, 595-6; 1951, 1, 44.) Hunter married in 1922 Hilda Margaret, daughter of Dr Arthur Whitfield, dermatologist at King's College Hospital. Mrs Hunter was herself a Member of the College. He died on 16 September 1951, aged 61, at 12 Downside, Epsom, survived by his wife, son, and daughter. He was privately cremated, and a memorial service was held at St Marylebone Church on 28 September. He had practised at 70 Harley Street, and latterly at 39 Devonshire Place. Hunter was considerate, careful, and thorough in his work, both surgical and administrative. He was in all things unselfish, kindly, competent, and sensible.
Resource Identifier RCS: E004241
Collection Plarr's Lives of the Fellows
Format Obituary
Format Asset

First Title value, for Searching Bowman, Sir William (1816 - 1892)

2025-10-02T20:59:08Z

by Royal College of Surgeons of England
Publication Date 2010-05-06
Unknown
Asset Path Root/Lives of the Fellows/E000000-E000999/E000900-E000999
URL for Files https://livesonline.rcseng.ac.uk/client/en_GB/search/asset/373121373121
Occupation General surgeon
Details Born at Nantwich on July 20th, 1816, the third son of John Eddowes Bowman, banker, and Fellow of the Linnean Society, by Elizabeth, daughter of William Eddowes, of Shrewsbury. His father was a good artist, drawing the illustrations for his scientific papers, whilst his mother had some talent as a draughtsman. He was educated at Hazelwood School, near Birmingham, then kept by Thomas Wright Hill, father of Sir Rowland Hill (1795-1879), the inventor of penny postage. He was apprenticed in 1832 to Joseph Hodgson (qv), who was Surgeon to the General Hospital, Birmingham, and came to London in 1837 to join the medical department at King’s College. There he served the office of Physiological Prosector, and was admitted a MRCS after returning from a visit to the hospitals in Holland, Germany, Vienna, and Paris. In October, 1839, he was appointed Junior Demonstrator of Anatomy and Curator of the Museum at King’s College, and in the following year he was elected Assistant Surgeon to King’s College Hospital, then situated in the slums of Clare Market, having Richard Partridge (qv) as his senior. Bowman became full Surgeon in 1856, but he had by this time devoted himself to ophthalmic surgery and acquired so large a practice that he soon resigned. Elected Professor of Physiology and of General and Morbid Anatomy at King’s College in 1848, he became an Hon Fellow of King’s College in 1855 and a Member of the Council in 1879. He was appointed Assistant Surgeon to the Royal London Ophthalmic Hospital, Moorfields, in 1846, becoming full Surgeon in 1851, and retiring under an age limit in 1876. He was elected FRS in 1841, and was awarded the Royal Medal in 1842 for his work upon the minute anatomy of the liver. He afterwards served on the Council and was one of the Vice-Presidents of the Society. In 1886 he was elected a Fellow of the Linnean Society. Bowman became the leading ophthalmic surgeon in England after the death of John Dalrymple, FRS (1804-1852), and for this position he was eminently fitted both by his knowledge and by his manual dexterity. He was amongst the first to become expert in the use of the ophthalmoscope, which had been invented by Helmholtz in 1851 after Wharton Jones had failed to appreciate its possibilities a few years earlier. He employed and advocated strongly von Graefe’s treatment of glaucoma in 1857, and he was busy during the years 1864 and 1865 in devising new methods of treating detached retina and cataract. He suggested improvements in the treatment of epiphora, and the probes used in this affection are still known as ‘Bowman’s probes’. In 1880 he was elected the first President of the Ophthalmological Society of the United Kingdom, a post he held for three years. His services were so highly valued that the Society established an annual oration in his honour called ‘The Bowman Lecture’. He was created a baronet in 1884. Bowman took a great interest in the welfare of his hospital patients, and, in conjunction with Robert Bentley Todd (1809-1860) and others, established the St John’s Home and Sisterhood, an institution which provided trained nurses for the sick poor. A few years later he was able to help Florence Nightingale (1820-1910) by sending her out trained nurses during the Crimean War, and he remained a member of the Nightingale Fund till his death. Bowman’s work divides itself sharply into two periods – one of pure scientific investigation, the other concerned with the practice of ophthalmic surgery. His scientific and literary work was chiefly carried out between the years 1839 and 1842. It included original investigations on “The Structure of Striated Muscle”, read before the Royal Society (1840-1841); on “The Structure of the Mucous Membrane of the Alimentary Canal”, which appeared in Dr Robert Todd’s illustrated *Cyclopoedia of Anatomy and Physiology*; and on “The Structure of the Kidney”, read before the Royal Society in June, 1842. This classic research is still borne in mind when ‘Bowman’s capsule’ is mentioned. It is a clear exposition both of the minute structure and of the function of the kidney, and entitled Bowman to so high a place as a physiologist that he was unanimously chosen as an Hon Member of the Physiological Club (now Society) in 1882. He was associated in 1839 with Dr Todd in the production of Todd and Bowman’s *Cyclopoedia* (1836-1859, 5 volumes), and he also co-operated with Todd in producing *Anatomy and Physiology of Man* (1843-1856), the first physiological work in which histology was given a place. Both works contain numerous illustrations by Bowman, whose drawings were made directly upon the block without the intervention of an artist. The first important communication made by Bowman in connection with the eye was read before the British Association at the Oxford meeting in 1847. It was entitled “On some Points in the Anatomy of the Eye, chiefly in Reference to the Power of Adjustment”. This paper, like that on the kidney, is a classic, for it demonstrates, simultaneously with, but independent of, Ernst Wilhelm Brücke (1819-1892), the structure and function of the ciliary muscle. Bowman died of pneumonia at Joldwynds, near Dorking, which he had built in 1870 from designs by Aston Webb and William Morris as a country house, on March 29th, 1892, and was buried in the neighbouring churchyard of Holmbury St Mary. He married on December 28th, 1842, Harriet, fifth daughter of Thomas Paget (qv), of Leicester, by whom he had seven children. She died at Joldwynds on Oct 25th, 1900. He was succeeded in the title by his eldest son, Sir William Paget Bowman, who was for many years Registrar of the Clergy Orphan Corporation. Sir William Bowman was the ‘Father of General Anatomy’ in England, and the brilliant results of his investigations into the structure of the eye, of the kidney, and of the striped muscles were of themselves sufficient to establish a reputation of the highest order. But Bowman had other and equal claims to distinction, for his practical gifts were as great and as fruitful as his scientific attainments. He enjoyed a unique position as an ophthalmic surgeon, and his evolution from science through general surgery to his speciality was interesting. Unrivalled in his knowledge of the ocular structures, fortunate in time as regards the invention of the ophthalmoscope, and trained in manipulation and observation by his histological work, he was equally good in the theory, in the clinical, and in the operative parts of ophthalmic practice. He was gentle, patient, and thoughtful: alive to and quickly seizing the salient points of every case, he was yet very reserved, giving his opinion in a few words, but decisively both as to forecast and treatment. He was possessed of a singularly pleasing and modest disposition, and no one who had the honour of his acquaintance could fail to hold him in affectionate regard. A kit-cat portrait of Bowman at the age of 48 was painted by G F Watts, RA. A photograph of it is reproduced as a frontispiece to the first volume of the Collected Papers. A presentation portrait by W W Ouless, RA, was painted in 1889 for the Bowman Testimonial Fund. It was engraved by John Clother Webb and is an excellent likeness. A lithograph by Maguire represents him as a younger man. His photograph in the Council Album. Copies of each portrait are in the possession of the College. Publications: Bowman’s *Collected Papers*, with a prefatory memoir by Henry Power (qv), were edited for the Committee of the Bowman Testimonial Fund by Sir John Burdon Sanderson and J W Hulke (qv), and published in two quarto volumes in 1892. Bowman himself took an interest in their preparation. He revised every proof sheet and added many notes.
Resource Identifier RCS: E000938
Collection Plarr's Lives of the Fellows
Format Obituary
Format Asset

First Title value, for Searching Beale, Peyton Todd Bowman (1864 - 1957)

2025-10-02T20:59:08Z

by Royal College of Surgeons of England
Publication Date 2014-01-22 2021-02-09
Unknown
Asset Path Root/Lives of the Fellows/E004000-E004999/E004800-E004899
URL for Files https://livesonline.rcseng.ac.uk/client/en_GB/search/asset/377078377078
Occupation General surgeon
Details Born on 20 June 1864 son of Lionel Smith Beale FRS, FRCP, Professor of Medicine at King's College, London, and Frances his wife, daughter of the Rev Peyton Blakiston FRCP, he was educated at Westminster School and King's College, London. He was a house surgeon 1889-90 at King's College Hospital, where his father was consulting physician, was assistant surgeon from 1893, and became surgeon in 1901. He retired in 1910, and was elected a consulting surgeon in 1925. Beale was lecturer in biology at King's College 1891-1900, and demonstrator in physiology and histology 1891-1904; for some years he was lecturer in physiology and artistic anatomy at King's College for Women; he was elected a Fellow of King's College in 1909. From 1906 to 1910 he was Dean of the Faculty of Medicine of King's College, and was thus the first Dean of the present Medical School which came into existence in 1909. Beale was also consulting surgeon to the Royal Northern Hospital. He was an examiner in physiology and surgery to the Society of Apothecaries of London, and also examined in surgery for Glasgow University, and in biology for the English Conjoint Board. Beale left London in 1910 to practise in Southampton, and in 1920 moved to Milford-on-Sea, where he was consulting surgeon to the cottage hospital. He was a keen gardener; and was affectionately known to his friends as "Toddles". He married Gertrude Louisa Attwell in 1892; they celebrated their golden wedding in 1942, and Mrs Beale died on 23 July 1949. His elder brother, Edwin Clifford Beale FRCP, celebrated his 100th birthday on 16 October 1951 (*Brit med J* 1951, 2, 965 with portrait), and lived till 31 January 1953. Peyton Beale died at Lymore End, Milford-on-Sea, Lymington, Hampshire on 24 December 1957, aged 93, survived by his two daughters. He was the senior Fellow of the College, as his brother had been of the Royal College of Physicians. He was among the first of surgeons to leave the arm free after amputation of the breast, thus obviating difficulty in obtaining free movement of the arm after operation. He used to open appendix abscesses retro-peritoneally through an incision in the loin, obtaining drainage by gravity and avoiding the peritoneal cavity. He was a regular donor of specimens to the College Museum and of books to the Library. Publications: *Practical lessons in elementary biology for junior students*. London 1894. *Aids to physiology*. London 1903; New York 1906.
Resource Identifier RCS: E004895
Collection Plarr's Lives of the Fellows
Format Obituary
Format Asset